HEAT EQUATION

(in Table T)

Q = mct
Q = heat energy in JOULES (J)
m = mass of the sample in GRAMS (g)
C = specific heat in J/goC
t = change in temperature (oC)
or
final temp initial temp
 Using the Heat Equation
How many Joules of Heat are needed to
raise the temperature of 25 g of water from
10 oC to 60 oC?

Step 1: Write the heat equation

q = mct
 Using the Heat Equation
How many Joules of Heat are needed to raise the
temperature of 25 g of water from 10 oC to 60 oC?
q = mct
Step 2: write the information given
q=?
m = 25g
c = water = 4.18 J/goC (Table B)
t = final temp initial temp
= 60 oC 10 oC
= 50 oC
How many Joules of Heat are needed to raise the
temperature of 25 g of water from 10 oC to 60 oC?

q = mct
q=?
m = 25g
c = water = 4.18 J/goC (Table B)
t = final temp initial temp
= 60 oC 10 oC
= 50 oC

Step 3. Substitute values into the equation and solve for

the unknown

q = (25 g) ( 4.18 J/goC)( 50 oC)

q = 5225 J = ______ KJ
Practice using the heat equation
How many Joules of heat are given off when
5 grams of water cools from 75 to 25 oC?

q = mct
Practice using the heat equation
How many Joules of heat are given off when
5 grams of water cools from 75 to 25 oC?
q=?
m=5g
c = water = 4.18 j/goC
t = 75 25 = 50 oC

Q = (5g) (4.18 j/goC)(50 oC)

 Answer: q = 1045 J
Try another!

12 grams of unknown material are heated

from 20 to 40 oC and absorb 48 Joules of
heat. What is the specific heat (c) of the
unknown material?
 q = mct
q = 48 J m = 12 g c = ?
t = 40 20 = 20 oC
plug in heat equation: 48 J = 12 g (c) 20 oC
rearrange to solve for c
48 J
___________ = c

(12 g) (20 oC)

 Answer: 0.2 J/g0C = c
Try another:

4 grams of glass are heated from 0 to 42

degrees Celsius and absorb 32 Joules of
heat. What is the specific heat of glass?
 Answer: 0.19 J/g0C = c
Set up: 32J / (4 g)(42 oC) = c

-------------------------------
Try another:

If the 4 g of glass from the last problem are

heated from 41 to 70 degrees Celsius,
how much heat will it absorb?
 Answer: 22J

Set up: q= (4 g)(.19 J/g oC)(29 oC)

 Try a trickier one.
10 grams of water at an initial temperature of 25
oC is heated and absorbs 2000J of heat. What
is its final temperature?

Hint: t = (final temp initial temp)

use t as your unknown value

first solve for t using the heat equation
then knowing t and initial temp
(given), solve for final temp
 Answer: final temp = 72.8 oC
Set up:
q = 2000J m = 10 g c = 4.18 J/g oC t = ?

2000J = (10g)(4.18 j/g oC) t

2000J = t
(10g) (4.18 j/g oC)

47.8 oC = t t = (final temp initial temp)

47.8 = final temp 25 oC
47.8 + 25 = final temp
 For Homework:
100 g of water cools to a final temperature of
50 degrees Celsius, releasing 4.2
kilojoules* of heat. What was the initial
temperature of the water?

* Convert to JOULES first!