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Slide 8.1 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Comparing management and leadership
Management Leadership
Planning and budgeting
Establishing direction developing a
establishing detailed steps and
Creating an vision of the future, and strategies
timetables for achieving needed
agenda for producing the changes needed to
results, and then allocating the
achieve that vision.
necessary resources.
Organizing and staffing
Aligning people
establishing some structure,
communicating the direction by
Developing a staffing that structure,
words to all those whose
human delegating responsibility and
cooperation may be needed so as to
network for authority for carrying out the plan,
influence the creation of teams and
achieving the providing policies and procedures
coalitions that understand the vision
agenda to help guide people,
and strategies, and accept their
creating methods or systems to
validity,
monitor implementation
Slide 8.2 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Comparing management and leadership
(Continued)
Management Leadership
Produces a degree of
predictability and order, and Produces change, often to a dramatic
has the potential of consistently degree, and has the potential of
producing key results expected producing extremely useful change (e.g.
Outcomes
by various stakeholders(e.g. for new products that customers want, new
customers, always being on approaches to labor relations that help
time; for stockholders, being on make a firm more competitive.
budget
Slide 8.3 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
The leader and corporate culture (1)
Slide 8.5 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Scientific leadership
Slide 8.6 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
The trait approach
Slide 8.7 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
The human factor
Slide 8.8 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
What is Leadership?
Definition
The process of influencing people to direct their
efforts toward the achievement of some particular
goal or goals.
Effective leadership involves the ability to inspire
and influence the thinking, attitudes, and behavior
of people (i.e. to motivate).
Leadership theories
Theories X, Y and Z
Leadership Styles
Slide 8.9 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Theories X, Y and Z
Articulate fundamental beliefs (assumptions)
about the nature of people:
Theory X people are basically lazy; coercion and
threats of punishment often are necessary to get
them to work
Theory Y under the right conditions people not
only will work hard but will seek increased
responsibility and challenge
Theory Z workers seek opportunities to
participate in management and are motivated by
teamwork and responsibility sharing
Slide 8.10 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Authoritarian Leadership
Use of work-centered behavior designed to
ensure task accomplishment.
Authoritarian Leader
Paternalistic Leader
Participative Leader
Slide 8.19 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Cultural contingency factors
Slide 8.20 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Universal attributes and cultural variables
Slide 8.21 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Universal attributes and cultural variables
UNIVERSAL
CULTURAL VARIATIONS OF
UNIVERSAL ATTRIBUTES WHICH ATTRIBUTES WHICH
ACCEPTANCE/REJECTION OF
REFLECT GOOD LEADERSHIP IMPEDE GOOD
ATTRIBUTES
LEADERSHIP
integrity (trustworthiness, irritable independent, autonomous,
honesty, fairness) egocentric individualistic
charisma (encouraging, loner subdued, self-effacing, self-
positive, motivational, non-explicit sacrificial
confidence-building asocial domineering, ruler
behaviour which shows dictatorial status-conscious, class
dynamism and foresight) ruthless conscious, elitist
team-oriented leadership non-cooperative enthusiastic, compassionate,
(effective in building teams, sensitive, sincere
communicating and orderly, formal, logical,
coordinating) procedural, habitual
decisiveness intuitive
intelligence risk-taking, cautious, able to
orientation towards anticipate
excellence. wilful, ambitious
evasive, indirect, cunning
Slide 8.22 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Universality of transformational leadership
Slide 8.23 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Gender
Slide 8.24 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Conclusion
Slide 8.25 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009
Class Exercise
Slide 8.26 Browaeys and Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management, 1st Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2009