The Scientific

Method
involves
A Way
a series of steps
to Solve
that are used
a Problem
to investigate
a natural occurrence.
Steps of the Scientific Method Kompas,
Senin 2 September 2013 (hal.1)

1 Identify a problem
Develop a question or problem
that can be solved through
Kompas, Senin 2 September 2013 (hal.13)
Corn, soybeans climb as hopes dim for rain's help
experimentation.
Sandy Shore, Associated Press | Business | Thu, July 26 2012, 10:33 AM

Prices for corn and soybeans are climbing as hopes fade that rain can benefit parched crops across the nation's
heartland.
Expensive food coloring=less profit
Soybeans rose nearly 3 percent Wednesday and corn was up 1 percent. Wheat also finished higher on growing
concerns about global supplies.
Corn and soybean crops have worsened steadily over the past month as a devastating, record drought has taken

Production cost increase

hold. Corn has been hit the hardest with about 45 percent of the nation's crop in poor-to-very-poor condition.
Many analysts say no amount of rain can repair the damage in corn fields, although it still could benefit soybeans.
"The corn crop's gone. It's not going to help corn and beans are still marginal," Telvent DTN analyst Darin
Newsom said.

Needs to find cheap & healthy

Newsom and other analysts are beginning to predict the corn harvest will produce yields of 130 bushels per acre
or less of corn. The last time the yield was that low was in 2002 when farmers harvested 129.3 bushels per acre,
he said. It fell near 120 bushels per acre or below in 1995.
coloring substace
Corn and soybean inventories are at low levels heading into the harvest. That has driven prices to record highs in
the past week. In turn, food prices could increase up to 4 percent in 2013, the U.S. Agriculture Department
predicted.
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem

2 Research
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem
2 Research

3 Formulate a hypothesis
Predict a possible answer to the
Hypothesis
Hypothesis:problem
Geneticallyor question.
is an educated
modified guess about
(GM) soybean
can the relationship
Example:
produce If soil
more beans between
temperatures
than therise,
cultivated
independent
soybean
then
(Glycineand
plant
max)dependent variables.
and wild soybean
height will increase.
(Glycine soja )on low water environment.
Note: These variables will be defined in
the next slide.
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem
2 Research
3 Formulate a hypothesis

4 Experiment
Develop and follow a procedure.
Include a detailed materials list.
The outcome must be measurable
(quantifiable). example
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem
2 Research
3 Formulate a hypothesis
4 Experiment

5 Collect & analyze the result

Confirm the results by retesting.
Include tables, graphs, and
photographs. Types of data
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem Include
2 Research
a statement
3 Formulate a hypothesis
that
4 Experiment
accepts or rejects
5 Collect & analyze the result
the hypothesis.
6
This experiment data shown that
Conclusion Genetically modified (GM)
soybean produced more beans
than cultivated soybean (Glycine
max) and wild soybean (Glycine
soja )on low water environment.
Steps of the Scientific Method
1 Identify a problem
2 Research
Transferring
3 Formulate a hypothesis
the result to others
4 Experiment
through
5 Collect & analyze the result
presentation,
6 Conclusion
writing, drawing, etc
7 Communicate the result
Think you can name all
seven steps?

Collect
Formulate
Observation/Research
and
Problem/Question
Communicate Experiment
Conclusion
Analyze
a Hypothesis
the Results
Results
You want to carry out an investigation to find out that
feeding the rabbit with milk will increase the growth of the rabbit.
EXPERIMENT
A way to prove hypotheses
Hypotheses: increasing the milk volume for the
rabbit feeding will increase the weight of the
rabbit.

A B C D A B C D

Independent variable : milk volume

Dependent variable : weight of the rabbit
Control group : group A (which has no
milk)
 A scientist who wants to test the affects of a
chemical on apple yield- sprays an orchard
with the chemical. A second orchard does not
receive the chemical. In the fall, the number of
apples harvested from each forest is counted.
The orchard sprayed with the chemical yields
an average of 60 apples per tree,
the other orchard yields an average of 40
apples per tree.
independent variable?
dependent variable?
Control group?
Why test it on an orchard (=ladang buah) per group?
Repetition accuracy
Data: information gathered from the experiment
QuaLitative data : can only use
words (=Letters)to describe an
observation
The girl hair color is blond
The dog fur is soft
QuaNtitative data : can only use
Numbers to describe an
observation (can be measure)
There are one girl, 2 cats, and 4 dogs
 http://solorayaonline.com/2012/07
/26/perajin-tahu-tempe-turun-
jalan-protes-rego-kedelai/