History

PHYSICS
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Physics and
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Advanced
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Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
Definition
Philosophy

Physics and Physics in

Math Medieval Islam

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References Modern Physics

 PHYSICS
General
History
Description

Definition Goals of Physics

Physics and The Scientific

Math Method

Advanced Physics is
Knowledge Quantitative

References Fields of Physics

History
Ancient
Definition
Astronomy
Astronomy is the oldest natural science. The Sumerians, Ancient
Egyptians, and Indus Valley Civilization all understood how the things
in the sky moved since before 3000 BC. This is because they
Physics and
worshiped the objects in the sky as gods. Their understanding wasn't
Math
scientific, but their observations influenced later astronomy.
Advanced A lot of astronomy comes from Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Ancient
Knowledge Egypt, and Ancient Greece. Astronomers from Egypt built
monuments that showed how things in the sky moved, and most
References names for constellations that can be seen from the Northern
hemisphere came from Greek astronomers.
 Ancient
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Astronomy
Natural
Definition Astronomy is the oldest natural science. The Sumerians, Ancient
Philosophy
Egyptians, and Indus Valley Civilization all understood how the things
in the sky moved since before 3000 BC. This is because they
Physics and Physics in
worshiped the objects in the sky as gods. Their understanding wasn't
Math Medieval Islam
scientific, but their observations influenced later astronomy.
Advanced Classical
A lot of astronomy comes from Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Ancient
Knowledge Physics
Egypt, and Ancient Greece. Astronomers from Egypt built
monuments that showed how things in the sky moved, and most
References names for
Modern constellations that can be seen from the Northern
Physics
hemisphere came from Greek astronomers.
 Ancient
General
History
Description

Definition
Astronomy
Goals of Physics
Astronomy is the oldest natural science. The Sumerians, Ancient
Egyptians, and Indus Valley Civilization all understood how the things
in the sky moved since before 3000 BC. This is because they
Physics and The Scientific
worshiped the objects in the sky as gods. Their understanding wasn't
Math Method
scientific, but their observations influenced later astronomy.
Advanced Physics is
A lot of astronomy comes from Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Ancient
Knowledge Quantitative
Egypt, and Ancient Greece. Astronomers from Egypt built
monuments that showed how things in the sky moved, and most
References namesofforPhysics
Fields constellations that can be seen from the Northern
hemisphere came from Greek astronomers.
History
Natural
Definition
Philosophy
Natural philosophy started in Greece around 650 BC when
some philosophers rejected superstition and decided things
Physics and had to happen for a reason. Leucippus and his student
Math Democritus suggested the idea of the atom around this
period.
Advanced
Knowledge

References
 Natural
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Philosophy
Natural
Definition Natural philosophy started in Greece around 650 BC when
Philosophy
some philosophers rejected superstition and decided things
Physics and had to happen
Physics in for a reason. Leucippus and his student
Math Democritus
Medieval suggested the idea of the atom around this
Islam
period.
Advanced Classical
Knowledge Physics

References Modern Physics

 Natural
General
History
Description

Definition
Philosophy
Natural
Goals philosophy started in Greece around 650 BC when
of Physics
some philosophers rejected superstition and decided things
Physics and hadScientific
The to happen for a reason. Leucippus and his student
Math Democritus suggested the idea of the atom around this
Method
period.
Advanced Physics is
Knowledge Quantitative

References Fields of Physics

History Physics in Medieval
Definition
Islam
Islamic scholars continued to study Aristotelian physics
during the Islamic Golden Age. They also developed an early
form of the scientific method.
Physics and
Math Scientists like Ibn Sahl, Al-Kindi, Ibn al-Haytham, Al-Farisi and
Avicenna worked a lot on optics and vision. In The Book of
Advanced Optics, Ibn al-Haytham rejects previous Greek ideas and
Knowledge comes up with a new theory about vision. He studied how
light enters the eye and then developed the camera obscura.
References
From this book, European scientists later built eyeglasses,
magnifying glasses, telescopes, and cameras.
History Physics in Medieval
Ancient
Astronomy

Definition
Islam
Islamic scholars continued to study Aristotelian physics
Natural
during the Islamic Golden Age. They also developed an early
Philosophy
form of the scientific method.
Physics and Physics in
Math ScientistsIslam
Medieval like Ibn Sahl, Al-Kindi, Ibn al-Haytham, Al-Farisi and
Avicenna worked a lot on optics and vision. In The Book of
Advanced Optics, Ibn al-Haytham rejects previous Greek ideas and
Classical
Knowledge comes up with a new theory about vision. He studied how
Physics
light enters the eye and then developed the camera obscura.
References
From this book, European scientists later built eyeglasses,
Modern Physics
magnifying glasses, telescopes, and cameras.
History Physics in Medieval
General
Description

Definition
Islam
Islamic scholars continued to study Aristotelian physics
during
Goals ofthe Islamic Golden Age. They also developed an early
Physics
form of the scientific method.
Physics and The Scientific
Math Scientists like Ibn Sahl, Al-Kindi, Ibn al-Haytham, Al-Farisi and
Method
Avicenna worked a lot on optics and vision. In The Book of
Advanced Optics,isIbn al-Haytham rejects previous Greek ideas and
Physics
Knowledge comes up with a new theory about vision. He studied how
Quantitative
light enters the eye and then developed the camera obscura.
References
From this book, European scientists later built eyeglasses,
Fields of Physics
magnifying glasses, telescopes, and cameras.
History
Classical Physics
Definition Physics became a separate field of study after the scientific revolution

Galileo's experiments helped to create classical physics. And although he did not invent the
telescope, he noticed that the stars and planets were not perfect. He also investigated
Physics and gravity.
Math
Isaac Newton used Galileo's ideas to put together his three laws of motion. He also
developed calculus to help understand problems in mechanics, such as how things moved
Advanced around the Sun.
Knowledge More energy was needed during the Industrial Revolution and more discoveries were made
during this time in many fields of science. The laws of classical physics are good enough to
study things that go much slower than the speed of light, and that are not very small. When
References very fast or very small things are studied, these laws do not work anymore, and because of
this, modern physics was developed.
 Classical Physics
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
Physics became a separate field of study after the scientific revolution
Definition
Philosophy
Galileo's experiments helped to create classical physics. And although he did not invent the
telescope, he noticed that the stars and planets were not perfect. He also investigated
Physics and Physics
gravity. in
Math Medieval Islam
Isaac Newton used Galileo's ideas to put together his three laws of motion. He also
developed calculus to help understand problems in mechanics, such as how things moved
Advanced Classical
around the Sun.
Knowledge Physics
More energy was needed during the Industrial Revolution and more discoveries were made
during this time in many fields of science. The laws of classical physics are good enough to
study things that go much slower than the speed of light, and that are not very small. When
References Modern
very fast orPhysics
very small things are studied, these laws do not work anymore, and because of
this, modern physics was developed.
 Classical Physics
General
History
Description

Definition Physics of
Goals became a separate field of study after the scientific revolution
Physics
Galileo's experiments helped to create classical physics. And although he did not invent the
telescope, he noticed that the stars and planets were not perfect. He also investigated
Physics and The Scientific
gravity.
Math Method
Isaac Newton used Galileo's ideas to put together his three laws of motion. He also
developed calculus to help understand problems in mechanics, such as how things moved
Advanced Physics
around theis
Sun.
Knowledge Quantitative
More energy was needed during the Industrial Revolution and more discoveries were made
during this time in many fields of science. The laws of classical physics are good enough to
study things that go much slower than the speed of light, and that are not very small. When
References Fields
very fastof Physics
or very small things are studied, these laws do not work anymore, and because of
this, modern physics was developed.
History
Modern Physics
As research progressed, scientists found things that classical mechanics did not
Definition
explain.

Classical mechanics predicted that the speed of light varied, but experiments showed
Physics and the speed of light stayed the same. This was predicted by Albert Einstein's theory of
Math special relativity. Einstein predicted that the speed of electromagnetic radiation
through empty space would always be the same. His view of space-time replaced the
ancient idea that space and time were quite separate things.
Advanced
Knowledge Max Planck came up with quantum mechanics to explain why metal releases
electrons when you shine a light at it, and why matter emits radiation. Quantum
mechanics applies for very small things like the electrons, protons, and neutrons that
References make up an atom. People like Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrdinger, and Paul Dirac
continued to work on quantum mechanics and eventually we got the Standard Model.
 Modern Physics
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
As research progressed, scientists found things that classical mechanics did not
Definition
Philosophy
explain.

Classical mechanics predicted that the speed of light varied, but experiments showed
Physics and Physics
the speedinof light stayed the same. This was predicted by Albert Einstein's theory of
Math Medieval Islam
special relativity. Einstein predicted that the speed of electromagnetic radiation
through empty space would always be the same. His view of space-time replaced the
ancient idea that space and time were quite separate things.
Advanced Classical
Knowledge Physics
Max Planck came up with quantum mechanics to explain why metal releases
electrons when you shine a light at it, and why matter emits radiation. Quantum
mechanics applies for very small things like the electrons, protons, and neutrons that
References Modern
make up anPhysics
atom. People like Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrdinger, and Paul Dirac
continued to work on quantum mechanics and eventually we got the Standard Model.
 Modern Physics
General
History
Description

As research progressed, scientists found things that classical mechanics did not
Definition Goals of Physics
explain.

Classical mechanics predicted that the speed of light varied, but experiments showed
Physics and The Scientific
the speed of light stayed the same. This was predicted by Albert Einstein's theory of
Math Method
special relativity. Einstein predicted that the speed of electromagnetic radiation
through empty space would always be the same. His view of space-time replaced the
ancient idea that space and time were quite separate things.
Advanced Physics is
Knowledge Quantitative
Max Planck came up with quantum mechanics to explain why metal releases
electrons when you shine a light at it, and why matter emits radiation. Quantum
mechanics applies for very small things like the electrons, protons, and neutrons that
References Fields
make upofanPhysics
atom. People like Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrdinger, and Paul Dirac
continued to work on quantum mechanics and eventually we got the Standard Model.
History
Definition
Physics is the study of energy and matter in space and time
Definition and how they are related to each other. Physicists assume the
existence of mass, length, time and electric current and then
Physics and define (give the meaning of) all other physical quantities in
Math terms of these basic units. Mass, length, time, and electric
current are never defined but the standard units used to
Advanced measure them are always defined. In the International System
Knowledge of Units (abbreviated SI from the French Systme
International), the kilogram is the basic unit of mass, the
References
metre is the basic unit of length, the second is the basic unit
of time, and the ampere is the basic unit of electric current.
 Definition
Ancient
History
Astronomy
Physics is the study of energy and matter in space and time
Natural
Definition and how they are related to each other. Physicists assume the
Philosophy
existence of mass, length, time and electric current and then
Physics and define (give
Physics in the meaning of) all other physical quantities in
Math terms of Islam
Medieval these basic units. Mass, length, time, and electric
current are never defined but the standard units used to
Advanced measure them are always defined. In the International System
Classical
Knowledge of Units (abbreviated SI from the French Systme
Physics
International), the kilogram is the basic unit of mass, the
References
metre is the basic unit of length, the second is the basic unit
Modern Physics
of time, and the ampere is the basic unit of electric current.
 Definition
General
History
Description
Physics is the study of energy and matter in space and time
Definition and how
Goals they are related to each other. Physicists assume the
of Physics
existence of mass, length, time and electric current and then
Physics and define
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Scientific
Math terms of these basic units. Mass, length, time, and electric
Method
current are never defined but the standard units used to
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Knowledge of Units (abbreviated SI from the French Systme
Quantitative
International), the kilogram is the basic unit of mass, the
References
metre is the basic unit of length, the second is the basic unit
Fields of Physics
of time, and the ampere is the basic unit of electric current.
History
References
Definition

Physics and
Math

Advanced
Knowledge

References
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics
 References
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
Definition
Philosophy

Physics and Physics in

Math Medieval Islam

Advanced Classical
Knowledge Physics

References Modern Physics

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics
 References
General
History
Description

Definition Goals of Physics

Physics and The Scientific

Math Method

Advanced Physics is
Knowledge Quantitative

References Fields of Physics

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics
History
General
Definition
Description
Physics is the science of matter and how matter interacts.
Matter is any physical material in the universe. Everything is
Physics and made of matter. Physics is used to describe the physical
Math universe around us, and to predict how it will behave. Physics
is the science concerned with the discovery and
Advanced characterization of the universal laws which govern matter,
Knowledge movement and forces, and space and time, and other features
of the natural world.
References
 General
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Description
Natural
Definition Physics is the science of matter and how matter interacts.
Philosophy
Matter is any physical material in the universe. Everything is
Physics and made ofinmatter. Physics is used to describe the physical
Physics
Math universe Islam
Medieval around us, and to predict how it will behave. Physics
is the science concerned with the discovery and
Advanced characterization of the universal laws which govern matter,
Classical
Knowledge movement and forces, and space and time, and other features
Physics
of the natural world.
References Modern Physics
 General
General
History
Description

Definition
Description
Physics
Goals is the science of matter and how matter interacts.
of Physics
Matter is any physical material in the universe. Everything is
Physics and made
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Scientific
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Quantitative
of the natural world.
References Fields of Physics
History
Goals of Physics
Definition The sweep of physics is broad, from the smallest components of matter and
the forces that hold it together, to galaxies and even larger things. There are
only four forces that appear to operate over this whole range. However, even
Physics and these four forces (gravity, electromagnetism, the weak force associated with
radioactivity, and the strong force which holds protons and neutrons in an
Math
atom together) are believed to be different parts of a single force.

Advanced Physics is mainly focused on the goal of making ever simpler, more general,
Knowledge and more accurate rules that define the character and behavior of matter and
space itself. One of the major goals of physics is making theories that apply to
everything in the universe. In other words, physics can be viewed as the study
References of those universal laws which define, at the most basic level possible, the
behavior of the physical universe.
 Goals of Physics
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
The sweep of physics is broad, from the smallest components of matter and
Definition
Philosophy
the forces that hold it together, to galaxies and even larger things. There are
only four forces that appear to operate over this whole range. However, even
Physics and these four
Physics inforces (gravity, electromagnetism, the weak force associated with
radioactivity, and the strong force which holds protons and neutrons in an
Math Medieval Islam
atom together) are believed to be different parts of a single force.

Advanced Classical
Physics is mainly focused on the goal of making ever simpler, more general,
Knowledge and more accurate rules that define the character and behavior of matter and
Physics
space itself. One of the major goals of physics is making theories that apply to
everything in the universe. In other words, physics can be viewed as the study
References of those universal
Modern Physicslaws which define, at the most basic level possible, the
behavior of the physical universe.
 Goals of Physics
General
History
Description

Definition The sweep

Goals of physics is broad, from the smallest components of matter and
of Physics
the forces that hold it together, to galaxies and even larger things. There are
only four forces that appear to operate over this whole range. However, even
Physics and these
The four forces (gravity, electromagnetism, the weak force associated with
Scientific
radioactivity, and the strong force which holds protons and neutrons in an
Math Method
atom together) are believed to be different parts of a single force.

Advanced Physics
Physics isismainly focused on the goal of making ever simpler, more general,
Knowledge and more accurate rules that define the character and behavior of matter and
Quantitative
space itself. One of the major goals of physics is making theories that apply to
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References of those
Fields ofuniversal
Physics laws which define, at the most basic level possible, the
behavior of the physical universe.
History
The Scientific
Physics uses the scientific method. That is, data from experiments and
Definition Method
observations are collected. Theories which attempt to explain these data are
produced. Physics uses these theories to not only describe physical
phenomena, but to model physical systems and predict how these physical
Physics and systems will behave. Physicists then compare these predictions to
observations or experimental evidence to show whether the theory is right or
Math
wrong.

Advanced The theories that are well supported by data and are especially simple and
Knowledge general are sometimes called scientific laws. Of course, all theories, including
those known as laws, can be replaced by more accurate and more general
laws, when a disagreement with data is found.
References
 The Scientific
Ancient
History
Astronomy
Physics uses the scientific method. That is, data from experiments and
Definition Method
Natural
observations are collected. Theories which attempt to explain these data are
Philosophy
produced. Physics uses these theories to not only describe physical
phenomena, but to model physical systems and predict how these physical
Physics and systems will
Physics in behave. Physicists then compare these predictions to
observations or experimental evidence to show whether the theory is right or
Math Medieval Islam
wrong.

Advanced Classical
The theories that are well supported by data and are especially simple and
Knowledge general are sometimes called scientific laws. Of course, all theories, including
Physics
those known as laws, can be replaced by more accurate and more general
laws, when a disagreement with data is found.
References Modern Physics
 The Scientific
General
History
Description
Physics uses the scientific method. That is, data from experiments and
Definition Method
observations
Goals are collected. Theories which attempt to explain these data are
of Physics
produced. Physics uses these theories to not only describe physical
phenomena, but to model physical systems and predict how these physical
Physics and systems
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Scientific
observations or experimental evidence to show whether the theory is right or
Math Method
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Advanced Physics is that are well supported by data and are especially simple and
The theories
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Quantitative
those known as laws, can be replaced by more accurate and more general
laws, when a disagreement with data is found.
References Fields of Physics
History
Physics is
Definition Quantitative
Physics is more quantitative than most other sciences. That
is, many of the observations in physics may be represented in
Physics and the form of numerical measurements. Most of the theories in
Math physics use mathematics to express their principles. Most of
the predictions from these theories are numerical. This is
Advanced because of the areas which physics has addressed work
Knowledge better with quantitative approaches than other areas.
Sciences also tend to become more quantitative with time as
References
they become more highly developed, and physics is one of
the oldest sciences.
 Physics is
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Definition Quantitative
Natural
Physics is more quantitative than most other sciences. That
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Classical
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References
they become more highly developed, and physics is one of
Modern Physics
the oldest sciences.
 Physics is
General
History
Description

Definition Quantitative
Physics is more quantitative than most other sciences. That
Goals of Physics
is, many of the observations in physics may be represented in
Physics and theScientific
The form of numerical measurements. Most of the theories in
Math physics use mathematics to express their principles. Most of
Method
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Advanced becauseis of the areas which physics has addressed work
Physics
Knowledge better with quantitative approaches than other areas.
Quantitative
Sciences also tend to become more quantitative with time as
References
they become more highly developed, and physics is one of
Fields of Physics
the oldest sciences.
History
Fields of Physics
Definition Classical physics normally includes the fields of mechanics, optics,
electricity, magnetism, acoustics and thermodynamics. Modern
physics is a term normally used to cover fields which rely on quantum
Physics and
theory, including quantum mechanics, atomic physics, nuclear
Math
physics, particle physics and condensed matter physics, as well as the
more modern fields of general and special relativity, but these last
Advanced two are often considered fields of classical physics as they do not rely
Knowledge on quantum theory. Although this difference can be found in older
writings, it is of little new interest as quantum effects are now
References understood to be of importance even in fields that before were called
classical.
 Fields of Physics
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
Definition Classical physics normally includes the fields of mechanics, optics,
Philosophy
electricity, magnetism, acoustics and thermodynamics. Modern
physics is a term normally used to cover fields which rely on quantum
Physics and Physics in
theory, including quantum mechanics, atomic physics, nuclear
Math Medieval Islam
physics, particle physics and condensed matter physics, as well as the
more modern fields of general and special relativity, but these last
Advanced Classical
two are often considered fields of classical physics as they do not rely
Knowledge Physics
on quantum theory. Although this difference can be found in older
writings, it is of little new interest as quantum effects are now
References understood
Modern to be of importance even in fields that before were called
Physics
classical.
 Fields of Physics
General
History
Description

Definition Goals of Physics

Classical physics normally includes the fields of mechanics, optics,
electricity, magnetism, acoustics and thermodynamics. Modern
physics is a term normally used to cover fields which rely on quantum
Physics and The Scientific
theory, including quantum mechanics, atomic physics, nuclear
Math Method
physics, particle physics and condensed matter physics, as well as the
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Advanced Physics
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often considered fields of classical physics as they do not rely
Knowledge Quantitative
on quantum theory. Although this difference can be found in older
writings, it is of little new interest as quantum effects are now
References understood
Fields to be of importance even in fields that before were called
of Physics
classical.
History
Physics and Math
Definition Physics is a quantitative science because it is based on
measuring with numbers. Mathematics is used in physics to
Physics and make models that try to guess what will happen in nature.
Math The guesses are compared to the way the real world works.
These guesses are made by theoretical physicists, and they
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Knowledge Physicists are always working to make their models of the
world better.
References
 Physics and Math
Ancient
History
Astronomy

Natural
Definition Physics is a quantitative science because it is based on
Philosophy
measuring with numbers. Mathematics is used in physics to
Physics and make models
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world better.
References Modern Physics
 Physics and Math
General
History
Description

Definition Physics
Goals is a quantitative science because it is based on
of Physics
measuring with numbers. Mathematics is used in physics to
Physics and make
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References Fields of Physics