Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Compartment Compartment
with Low pH with High pH
BIOLOGICAL BARRIER
Unionized Unionized
Weak Acid Weak Acid
Higher total
concentration
of weak acid
Ionized Ionized
Weak Acid
Weak Acid
WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF ION TRAPPING
ON DRUG DISTRIBUTION?
Compartment Compartment
with Low pH with High pH
BIOLOGICAL BARRIER
Unionized Unionized
Weak Base Weak Base
Higher total
concentration
of weak base
Ionized Ionized
Weak Base
Weak Base
(hydroxyl group)
(amine group)
Distribution: Depends on Blood Flow and Blood
Brain Barrier
Excludes ionized
substances;
Active transport
mechanisms;
Not uniform leaky
(circumventricular
areas)
KUMAN GRAM (+)
Penisilin
Narrow-spectrum
Penicillin G (IV)
Penicillin VK (PO)
Penicillinase-resistant Antistaphylococcal
Cloxacillin, dicloxacillin (PO)
Nafcillin (IV)
Oxacillin (IV)
Extended-spectrum
Ampicillin/.Amoxicillin (PO)
Amoxicillin + clavulanate (PO)
Piperacillin (IV)
Ticarcillin (IV)
Cephalosporins
Pharmacokinetics:
CNS penetration: penetrates intact BBB poorly, but
with meningeal inflammation sufficiently high CSF
levels are achieved for bactericidal effect
Does not have epileptogenic activity like imipenem
Linezolid
Nosocomial CNS infections are often caused by
resistant Gram positive bacteria.
Treatment with vancomycin may have some limitations
given its poor penetration, nephrotoxicity, and
possible resistance (VRE).