Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Group member(s):
 Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Anatomy & Causative Clinical

Physiology Contributor Manifestation

Pathophysiology
Management
Avoid trigger
foods
Manage stress
Anatomy & Physiology
 Neurotransmitters
Serotonin is located in the central
nervous system (5%) and the
gastrointestinal tract (95%), and when
it is released into the body it results in
the stimulation of intestinal secretion
and peristaltic reflex and in symptoms
such as abdominal pain, bloating,
nausea, and vomiting.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome

IBS is an intrinsic colonic motility disorder with

several plausible causes: loss of tolerance to GI
flora, genetic factors, environmental triggers
Risk Factors

Hx of childhood sexual abuse

Domestic abuse in women
Increased stress, depression,
anxiety
 Pathophysiology

Abnormal bowel motility

Viceral hypersensitivity

psychological factors
Nerve cell communication in the wall of the
colon.
The three symptom subcategories of Irritable Bowel
Syndrome.
Clinical manifestation
Abdominal (stomach) pain and cramping

Change in bowel habit such as diarrhea,constipation or

both, this is because of infection in your stomach or
intestine with salmonella and campylobacter

Bloating and swelling of your stomach

Gas

Clear or white mucus with stool

 To determine whether the your digestive problems
are truly IBS you need to see whether

Bowel movement relieves the aches and sufferings

Stools looks different.

Non GI symptoms:
Impaired sexual function, dysmenorrhea, increased
urinary frequency/urgency
 DIAGNOSIS FOR IBS:

There is no particular diagnosis for IBS

However the physician has to look for :
Weight loss
Blood in stool
Onset of age
Sign of infection
Noticeable abdominal bloating
 Diagnosis involves ruling out of parasitic
infections ,lactose intolerance , small intestinal
bacterial overgrowth and celiac disease .
50 years old patient are recommended to do
screening colonoscopy.
all patients with the symptoms of IBS should
tested for coeliac disease.
 INVESTIGATION:

Investigations are performed to exclude other

conditions :
Abdominal ultrasound
Hydrogen breath test
Endoscopy and biopsies
Stool microscopy and culture
Blood tests
 TREATMENT

Symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Can be

managed by changing your diet and lifestyle and
understanding the nature of the condition.
In some cases,medicationor psychological
treatments mayalso behelpful.
IBS-friendly diet
Fibre
Low FODMAP diet
 General eatingtips

Your IBS symptoms may also improve by:-

having regular meals and taking time when eating
not missing meals or leaving long gaps between
eating
drinking at least eight cups of fluid a
dayparticularly water and other non-caffeinated
drinks, such as herbal tea
restricting your tea and coffee intake to a
maximum of three cups a day
 Exercise
Reducing stress
Probiotics
MEDICATIONS:
Antispasmodics
Laxatives
Antimotility medicines
Low-dose antidepressants
 Psychological treatments

If IBS symptoms are still causing problems after 12

months of treatment, itmay refer youfor a type of
therapy known as a psychological intervention.
There are several different types of psychological
therapy. Theyall involve teaching you techniques
to help you control your condition better, and there
is good evidence to suggest theymay help some
people with IBS.
 Reference(s)

1. Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al. Functional bowel disorders.
Gastroenterology 2006; 130:1480

2. Swarbrick ET, Hegarty JE, Bat L, et al. Site of pain from the irritable bowel. Lancet
1980; 2:443

3. Whorwell PJ, McCallum M, Creed FH, Roberts CT. Non-colonic features of irritable bowel
syndrome. Gut 1986; 27:37

4. Hershfield NB. Nongastrointestinal symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: an office-

based clinical survey. Can J Gastroenterol 2005; 19:231
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