Slide 7.

The production of sound: (a) tuning fork after being tapped (after Vander
Figure 7.1
et al., 1994), (b) changes in air pressure, (c) a different tuning fork, (d) changes in air
pressure following tapping of fork shown in part (c) and (e) increased amplitude after
a harder strike of the fork
Source: after Toates (1998c)

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.2

Figure 7.3 Black blobs against a white background

Source: Carraher and Thurston (1966, Fig. 10, p. 18)

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.3

Figure 7.4 The MullerLyer illusion

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.4

Figure 7.5 Dalmatian in snow

Source: Carraher and Thurston (1966, Fig. 10, p. 18)

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.5

Figure 7.6 Sensory neurons involved in (a) nociception and (b) vision

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.6

Figure 7.7 Frequency coding: (a) weak stimulus, (b) strong stimulus and (c) adaptation
Source: Toates (1998c, Fig. 4.1, p. 102)

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.7

Figure 7.8 Relationship between intensity of a stimulus and response of a sensory

neuron
Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.8

Encoding by means of pattern. Relatively low (a) and high (b) frequencies
Figure 7.9
and the associated pattern of action potentials
Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.9

Coding set against a spontaneous background level of activity: (a) stimulus

Figure 7.10
and (b) response
Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011
Slide 7.10

Figure 7.11 Nociceptive neurons: (a) large and (b) small receptive fields

Frederick Toates, Biological Psychology, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Limited 2011