Chapter 8

Minerals

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Chapter 8
Lesson 8.1

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 Key Concept
The human body requires a variety of
minerals in different amounts to perform
numerous metabolic tasks.

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 The Nature of Body Minerals
Classes of body minerals
Major minerals
Trace elements
Functions of minerals
Mineral metabolism
Digestion
Absorption
Transport

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Chapter 8
Lesson 8.2

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 Key Concepts
A mixed diet of varied foods and adequate
energy value is the best source of the
minerals necessary for health.
Of the total amount of minerals a person
consumes, only a relatively limited amount is
available to the body.

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 Major Minerals
Calcium
Functions
Bone and tooth formation
Blood clotting
Muscle and nerve action
Metabolic reactions
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Phosphorus
Functions
Bone and tooth formation
Energy metabolism
Acid-base balance
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Sodium
Functions
Water balance
Acid-base balance
Muscle action
Nutrient absorption
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Potassium
Functions
Water balance
Metabolic reactions
Muscle action
Insulin release
Blood pressure
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Chloride
Functions
Digestion
Respiration
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Magnesium
Functions
General metabolism
Protein synthesis
Muscle action
Basal metabolic rate
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Sulfur
Functions
Hair, skin, and nails
General metabolic functions
Vitamin structure
Collagen structure
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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Chapter 8
Lesson 8.3

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 Key Concepts
A mixed diet of varied foods and adequate
energy value is the best source of the
minerals necessary for health.
Of the total amount of minerals a person
consumes, only a relatively limited amount is
available to the body.

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 Trace Elements
Iron
Functions
Hemoglobin synthesis
General metabolism
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Iodine
Functions
Requirements
Deficiency states
Goiter
Cretinism
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Zinc
Functions
Enzyme constituent
Immune system
Other functions
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Selenium
Functions
Requirements
Deficiency states
Toxicity symptoms
Food sources

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 Other Trace Elements
Fluoride
Copper
Manganese
Chromium
Molybdenum
Other essential trace elements

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 Mineral Supplementation
Life cycle needs
Pregnancy and lactation
Adolescence
Adulthood
Clinical needs
Iron-deficiency anemia
Weight-loss programs
Zinc deficiency
Potassium-losing drugs

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