PRESENTATION

4 AUGUST 2015
PT. GEOSTATIKA UTAMA
BANDUNG

Rev. 01 02/2014

CORPORATE DETAILS

CORPORATE DETAILS

GROUND
ENGINEERING

Special Foundation
Services
Deep Foundations
Ground Improvement
Geotechnical Works

OIL & GAS

Equipment and
Technologies
Hydraulic Rotary Rigs
Hydromill &
Hydraulic Grab
Cranes

Oil Drilling Rigs

Automatic Rigs
(HH Series)
Land Rigs

Jet Grouting

Mobile Drilling Rigs

Dams & Levees

Tunnel Consolidation

Hydraulic Top Drives

Casing Oscillators

Triplex Mud Pumps

Extractors

Automated Car Parks

Drilling Tools

Environment

and more...

Geothermal

Oil Drilling Services

Onshore Drilling
Long term
contracts

Derricks & Offshore

Marine Works

Tunnel Consolidation

RENEWABLE
ENERGY

Renewable Energy
Projects
Design &
Development
Off Shore Wind
Farms

Latin America
Player

GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES

soft CLAY

loose SAND
REINFORCEMENT

CONSOLIDATION Semi-Rigid Columns

(cement grout etc.)

Vertical Drains

Vacuum Consolidation

Displacement Grout
Columns

Deep Soil Mixing

Columns

Non-Rigid Columns
(sand, stone, etc.)

COMPACTION

Dynamic Replacement
Columns

Dynamic Compaction

Vibro Replacement
Columns

Vibro Compaction

GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES

All SOILS Types
GROUTING

Injection Grouting

Jet Grouting

GROUTING & MIXING

Turbo Jet

GROUND FREEZING
Liquid Nitrogen / Brine

CT Jet

PROJECT BRIEF: PULAU

Surcharge 8m height.
Avery layer 0.5m and month rest
period
6 month final rest period
14 month total rest period

PVD with surcharge, 1.3m

Ground improvement method involved:

Acceptance criteria :
PVD + surcharge (8m)
Relative Density > 70%
Dynamic compaction
N-SPT > 24 blows
Vibro compaction
Cone resistance qc > 18 MPa

TREATMENT FOR HYDRAULIC SAND

New PSA Container Terminal at Pasir Panjang, Singapore.

Treatment for loose hydraulic sand fill

Cross-section of treatment
area

Vibro
compaction

Treatment depth
Vibro Compaction 6.50m
Dynamic compaction 4.65m

Dynamic
compaction

Project Layout
Phase 3 & 4

Peripheral area,
Vibro
compaction ,
width 57m
Center area,
Dynamic
compaction
area

Total treatment area 2,000,000

m2

Specifications
Compaction works is to densify the reclaimed sandfill with fine
content (particle size < 63m) less than 10% which is defined
by the cone penetration test CPT
Compaction to achieve relative density RD >70%. which is
defined by the cone penetration test CPT
At 1m below surface : qc = 6 MPa
At 2m below surface : qc = 9 MPa
Between 2m to 3m : qc = 10 MPa
Between 3m to 4m : qc = 11 MPa
Between 4m to 7m : qc = 13 MPa

Solutions
Dynamic
compaction
6
m

6m spacing
2 Phase
15 tons pounder weight
20 m drop height

Vibro compaction

3.4
m

3.4m triangular grid

Frequency 30Hz, 215 KW. Centrifugal
force of 35 Tons and Amplitude 26mm.
Compaction interval 0f 0.5m.
Duration of compaction is 60 seconds

Acceptance Criteria
Massarsch (1991) limits the
compactibility of soil by the
CPT friction ratio Rf of 1% as
shown in Figure 3 below.
Hence, Figure 3 shall be used
along with the CPT qc values
as acceptance criteria.

Example DC Result

friction ratio Rf < 0.8% is not clean

sand.
Call carbonated sand. Contain shell.

VC Result

CASE HISTORY: KUALA TERENGGANU AIRPORT EXTENSION

Reclamation for extended runway and turning pad

KUALA TRENGGANU AIRPORT EXTENSION (2007-08)

Thickness of reclaimed sand
fill ~ 6m
Relative density = 70% CPT
(Schmertmann, 1972)
Self-bearing & settlement
Pressuremeter tests

20 tons mobile CPT testing rig

Compaction
at 36m
2
grid 10
with
10blows
15 of
blows
of 15
tons
over
Compaction
at 36m
grid with
15
15 tons
over
20m
drop
20mfollowed
drop height
and followed
ironing
phase
ofenergy.
2 blows
of 30
height
by ironing
phase of 2by
blows
of 300
ton.m
Total:
3
300 ton.m
energy. Total:
30
ton.m/m
3
ton.m/m (150% of Proctor compaction energy)
2

Friction Ratio, Rf (%)

Cone Resistance, qc (MPa)

Result CPT
0
5

10

15

20

25

30

0.0

after (30 days)

RD= 70%

before
3

Depth (m)

after
(2 days)

Depth (m)

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

KUALA TRENGGANU AIRPORT EXTENSION (2007-08)

Result PMT

Self bearing
criteria
before
after

Bearing capacity (limit pressure): Mean 6.7 bars (before) 13.6 bars
(after) 205% improvement
Settlement potential (pressuremeter modulus): Harmonic mean 38 bars
(before) 110 bars (after) 292% improvement