OSI Physical Layer

Network Fundamentals Chapter 8

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Objectives

Explain the role of Physical layer protocols and

services in supporting communication across data
networks.
- Describe the role of signals used to represent bits as a
frame as the frame is transported across the local media

Describe the purpose of Physical layer signaling and

encoding as they are used in networks

Identify the basic characteristics of copper, fiber and

wireless network media

Describe common uses of copper, fiber and wireless

network media

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Physical Layer Protocols & Services

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Physical Layer Protocols & Services

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Physical Layer Protocols & Services

Describe the role of signaling in the physical media.

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Physical Layer Protocols & Services

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Physical layer standards

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Physical layer standards

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Physical layer standards

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Physical Layer Protocols & Services

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10

Bandwidth

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Physical Layer Signaling and Encoding

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WAN cables

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Physical Layer Devices

:DCE

:DTE

Source or destination of
data

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Used to adjust clocking and

synchronization

14

Back-to-Back Serial Connection

When
performing a
back-to-back
router scenario
in a test
environment,
one of the
routers will be a
DTE and the
other will be a
DCE.

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15

DTE serial cable

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LAN Cables

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Optical Fiber Cables

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Characteristics & Uses of Network Media

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19

Characteristics & Uses of Network Media

Describe the impact interference has on throughput and
the role of proper cabling in reducing interference

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Copper Media

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Coaxial Cable

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Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP

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Shielded Twisted Pair STP

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Layer 1 technologies
Ethernet:

10BASE-T
The T stands for twisted pair ( UTP , STP )
10BASE5
The 5 represents the fact that a signal can travel for approximately
500 meters 10BASE5 is often referred to as Thicknet. AUI connector
10BASE2
The 2 represents the fact that a signal can travel for approximately
200 meters 10BASE2 is often referred to as Thinnet. ,BNC connector

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25

Layer 1 technologies
Layer 1 Fast-Ethernet technologies
100BASE-TX
The T stands for twisted pair ( UTP , STP ), The X stands for full
duplex , speed 100 mbps .
100BASE-FX
100 mbps , fiber cables (ST,SC connectors) , 400 m length .

Layer 1 Gigabit-Ethernet technologies

1000BASE-T
speed 1000 mbps , UTP CAT5e , CAT6.
1000BASE-SX
1000 mbps , fiber cables (ST,SC connectors) , 220 m
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UTP connectors

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UTP connectors

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Common Copper cables types

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Straight-Through or Crossover cables

DTE

Cross
cable

DCE
switch

PC

hub

Router

Cross
cable

Access Point

straight
cable
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UTP connectors

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ITE 1 Chapter 6

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