MEMACU TAN BERBUNGA DAN BERBUAH

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Setres kurang air

Pelukaan batang
Penggunaan paclobutrazol
Penggunaan ethepon
Penggunaan prohexadione-Ca
strangulasi
Penggunaan karbit
Penggunaan Potasium khlorat
Penggunaan bleach

1. Water Stress
Effects on Flower Induction in Citrus
Continuous water stress for 4 to 5
weeks induced flowering.
The percent flowering shoots and
number of flowers per plant increased
with time under stress.
The highest percentage of flowering
shoots and flowers per plant were found
after 5 weeks of water stress.

Coba amati di sekitar kita

Selama m kemarau terjadi stress air.
Buah apa yang berbunga dan
berbuah setelah mengalami stres air
di musim kemarau ?

a.l.;

Jeruk
Mangga
Durian
rambutan

2. Pelukaan batang
In rambutan, ringing treatments
induced the trees to flower and produce
fruit off-season. The ringed trees started
to flower 4 months earlier than the
control trees without any effect on the
size and number of inflorescences, and
the number of flowers per inflorescence
Authors: R. Poerwanto, D. Efendi,
W.D. Widodo, S. Susanto, B.S. Purwoko

Luka melingkari batang menghalangi

translokasi hasil fotosintesa ke akar
Hasil fotosintesa terakumulasi di kanopi di
atas luka
Akar yang kekurangan hasil fotosintesa
menjadi stres, kurang energi shg tidak dapat
menyerap unsur hara dan air dengan baik
Akibatnya perbandingan unsur C per N di
kanopi di bag atas luka tinggi, ini memacu
pembungaan.

3. Penggunaan
paclobutrazol
In mango,
The post- harvest application of a small amount of
paclobutrazol to the soil significantly promotes flowering
and fruiting in the following year.
Trials over the last two years have shown the following
benefits from the treatment:
A significant increase in flowering leading to increased
yields.
The early flowering considerably enhanced fruit maturity.
Treated trees flowered three to four weeks early, which
reduced the time to fruit maturity by at least two weeks.
Visually, the fruit developed a better external colour.

Pustaka
Flowering and Fruiting in Mangoes in
the Top
End with Paclobutrazol^
V. Kulkarni*, D. Hamilton and G.
McMahon, Crops, Forestry and
Horticulture, Darwin
* Formerly DPIFM

How and when to apply

paclobutrazol?
The application of paclobutrazol to soil as a drench
around the tree trunk (collar drench) is the most
effective method, as it ensures proper uptake by the
tree.
The required quantity is mixed in approximately one
litre of water and poured onto the soil around the
trunk in a circular band.
In the Top End, the ideal time to apply paclobutrazol
is from soon after harvest. In dry conditions, a light
irrigation is recommended after application.
Foliar sprays have been ineffective.

citrus

Flower formation of tropical fruit

trees can be inhibited with
applications of gibberellins. Plant
growth retardants that inhibit
gibberellin biosynthesis, such as
paclobutrazol,
ISHS
Acta Horticulturae can
772: induce flowering
XXVII
International
Horticultural
Congress - IHC2006: Intern
of
mango
and
citrus
ational Symposium on Enhancing Economic and Environmental Su
stainability of Fruit Production in a Global Economy
OFF-SEASON PRODUCTION OF TROPICAL FRUITS
Auth R. Poerwanto, D. Efendi, W.D. Widodo, S. Susanto, B.S.
ors: Purwoko

Dosis perlakuan
dosis optimum paklobutrazol untuk
menginduksi pembungaan mangga
dan menekan pertumbuhan vegetatif
tanpa
merusak
pohon
berkisar
antara 2,5-4g bahan aktif/pohon atau
setara dengan 10-16 cc cultar/ liter
air / pohon

Kombinasi dg zat pemecah

dormansi
jenis dan konsentrasi zat pemecah
dormansi yang efektif memecahkan
tunas bunga dorman yang telah
terinduksi oleh pemberian
paklobutrazol adalah benzil adenin
0,10 g/liter, etefon 0,40 g/l dan KNO3
40 g/l

 Benzil adenin adalah zat pengatur tumbuh kelompok

sitokinin yang berfungsi meningkatkan laju pembelahan
sel meristem pada mata tunas sehingga memacu
perkembangan dan pertumbuhan tunas tersebut.
Etefon mampu memecah dormansi mata tunas
generatif karena etilen yang dilepaskan dari hasil
reaksinya dalam tanaman meningkatkan permeabilitas
membran sel sehingga mempermudah gerakan molekul
ke sitoplasma.
Kemampuan KNO3 dalam memecah dormansi mungkin
berhubungan dengan peran ion k+ dalam meningkatkan
translokasi sukrosa pada apoplas dari sel mesofil daun,
peningkatan pemuatan pada floem maupun pengaruh
langsung dari peningkatan tekanan osmosis

Contoh zat yang mengandung

paclobutrazol
Cultar
Goldstar

Sampai sini dulu

See you then

4. Penggunaan ethephon
Ethephon, invented in 1965, is a
liquid that converts into ethylene and
acts as a plant hormone after it is
sprayed on plants.
is sold under a variety of product
names. Ethrel, Florel

Penggunaan ethephon
Ethylene-releasing agents such as ethephon (2chloroethylphosphonic acid) are used widely to
induce flowering in pineapples (Ananas
comosus (L.) Merrill).
(14)C]ethephon was used to follow uptake and
translocation in leaf tissues. Up to 30% of the
ethephon entered the leaf within 4 h, and up to
60% by 24 h.
Entry occurred across the leaf cuticle and
probably also by way of stomatal pores, and
label was recovered at all depths within the leaf.

 Low-volume spray applications to whole plants

resulted in rapidly drying droplets and were rather
ineffective at inducing flowering, possibly because
little ethephon or ethylene reaches the shoot apex.
High-volume sprays may facilitate ethephon entry
because solution accumulates in leaf axils and
hence remains in prolonged contact with abaxial
epidermis of leaf bases close to the shoot apex.
When poured into the center of the plant, 20% of a
normal commercial ethephon dose induced full
flowering even under adverse temperatures.
It is suggested that high-volume evening spraying
and avoidance of hot days may reduce the
incidence of flowering failure.

pustaka
J. Plant Growth Regul. 1999 Dec;18(4):145-152.
Routes of Ethephon Uptake in Pineapple
(Ananas comosus) and Reasons for
Failure of Flower Induction.
Turnbull CG, Sinclair ER, Anderson KL, Nissen
RJ, Shorter AJ, Lanham TE.
Source
Department of Botany, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072,
Australia

Ethephon pada klengkeng

A single foliar spray with 400 l/L
ethephon on Shixia longan cultivar was
found to increase cytokinin, ABA and
cytokinin/gibberellins (GA1+3) ratio in the
flower buds , while inhibiting gibberellins
activity. The increase in cytokinin level led
to the promotion of flower differentiation
and morphogenesis. The higher level of
ABA exerted a positive effect on bud
dormancy and mor phogenesis

 LONGAN PRODUCTION IN ASIA

5. Penggunaan
Prohexadione-Ca
Pada mangga Prohexadione-Ca
menyebabkan penurunan
pertumbuhan vegetatif dengan cara
memblokir biosintesis giberelin
dan dapat menginduksi pembungaan

6. Penggunaan strangulasi
strangulasi batang utama dengan kawat
2,0 mm dalam waktu 3 bulan mampu
meningkatkan pembungaan jeruk besar
Strangulasi merusak jaringan phloem shg
menghambat translokasi fotosintat dari
tajuk ke akar. Akibatnya terjadi
peningkatan akumulasi karbohidrat di
bagian tajuk yang akan merangsang
tanaman untuk berbunga dan membentuk
buah

 Pada tanaman yang mendapatkan perlakuan

strangulasi pertumbuhan vegetatif terhambat
karena rendahnya suplai air dan hara nitrogen.
Strangulasi menyebabkan aliran hasil
fotosintesis ke akar berkurang drastis,
sehingga akar kekurangan energi untuk
menyerap hara dan air
Rendahnya serapan nitrogen dan tingginya
akumulasi karbohidrat di bagian pucuk
tanaman akan meningkatkan nisbah C/N yang
merupakan syarat terjadinya induksi
pembungaan

pustaka
J. Hort. 24(2):133-140, 2014
Aplikasi Prohexadion-Ca,
Paclobutrazol, dan Strangulasi untuk
Induksi Pembungaan di Luar Musim
Pada Tanaman Jeruk Keprok (Citrus
reticulata)
Darmawan, M, Poerwanto, R dan
Susanto, S

7. Penggunaan Karbit
Karbit memacu pembungaan nenas
Cara karbit diletakan di meristem
tunas
Karbit menyerap uap air melepaskan
gas asetilin
Gas asetilin memacu tan untuk
berbunga

pustaka
Manoj Singh
CAS Agribusiness Services
Chandel Agritech Solutions Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi
chandelagro@gmail.com,
09810931908
Website:- http://chandelagro.in/ /
http://chandelagro.blogspot.com/

8. Penggunaan potasium khlorat

KClO3
Penyemprotan lewat daun, penyiraman
pada media tanam dapat memacu
pembungaan dan pembentukan buah
Mangga
Klengkeng
Fruits obtained from KC10 3-treated
plants do not contain chlorate, chlorite,
or hypochlorite residues in the aril

Be carefull
Prolonged use of KCI0 3 by Thai
longan workers resulted in increased
levels of anemia, thrombocytopenia,
high serum creatinine, and
methemo-globinemia, which are
hypothesized to be related to KCI0 3
toxicity

9. Penggunaan bleach
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) is the
a.i. in bleach and has been shown to
increase flowering of 'Do longan
trees (53.7% flower emergence in
untreated trees versus 96.2% flower
emergence in treated trees)

Cukup sampai di sini

Thank you so much
Selamat siang