UNEMPLOYMENT

IN
INDIA

Tushar gaur,Utkarsh sharma ,Shivam sharma, Jatin goel

UNEMPLOYMENT
Un employment is a
situation in which the
worker who are
capable of working
and willing to work
but does not get

Types
Frictional unemployment
Structural unemployment
Cyclical unemployment
Seasonal unemployment
Voluntary unemployment
Involuntary unemployment

Frictional unemployment

Frictional unemployment occurs

when a worker moves from one job to
another. It is a result of imperfect
information in the labour market,
because if job seekers knew that they
would be employed for a particular
job vacancy, almost no time would be
lost in getting a new job , elminating
this form of unemployment

Structural unemployment
Structural

unemployment
arises when the
qualification arises when
the qualification of a
person is not enough to
meet his job responsibility.
It arises when the salary
offered to a person falls

Cyclical unemployment
Cyclical

unemployment occurs when

the economy is in need of low work
force. The demand for labor increases
with the economy in the growth
phrase . Again when the economy
passes through depression ,demand
for labor decreases and the extra
workers are released as the
unemployed labur force.

Seasonal unemployment
Seasonal

unemployment
occurs when an
occupation is not in
demand at certain
seasons.

Voluntary
unemployment
It

is a situation when a person is

unemployed not due to unavailability of
jobs in the economy, but because of not
being able to find employment of his/her
own choice.
Sometimes people reject employment
opportunities if they do not receive
desired wages or if they are not offered
the kind of work they wish to do.

Involuntary
unemployment
Involuntary

unemployment refers to an
unemployment in which all those people,
who are willing and able to work at the
existing wage rate, do not get work. Under
involuntary unemployment, people are
rendered unemployed against their wishes
or under compulsion. It must be noted that
only involuntary unemployment is
considered while estimating the total
unemployment in an economy.

Causes

High population growth

Absence of employment
oppourtunity
Seasonal unemployment
Joint family system
Increasing turnout of students
from indian universities
Slow developing of industries.
Insufficient rate of economic

Cost of unemployment

Unemployed
individuals are unable to earn
money to meet the financial
needs .failure to pay
installment.rent etc.
unemployment increases
chances of mal nutition
,illness,mental stress, and
INDIVIDUAL :

COST OF UNEMPLOYMENT

An economy with
high unemployment is not
using all the resources i.e.
labor ,available to it . Since it
is operating below its
production capability, it could
have a higher output if more
people are usefully employed.
SOCIETY:

MEASUREMENT
Unemployment rate = unemployed
worker / total labor force * 100
As defined by the international labor
organisation, unemployed workers
are those who are currently not
working but are willing and are able
to work for pay, currently available to
work, and actively searching for the
work.

Solution

A change in pattern of
investment
Encouragement to small
enterprises As against big
enterprises
Problem of choice of techniques
Encouragement of new growth
centers in small towns and rural
areas

Steps taken by the

government to
increase
employment

Swaran jyanti gram swarozgar

yojna

It is the single self employment

programme for the rural poor .
Launched in april 1999
Aims at establishing large
number of small enterprises in
the rural areas
Expenditure is shared by the
central and state govt in the
ratio of 75:25

Sampoorna grameen rozgar

yojna

Launched on 1st sept. 2001

Objective is to provide food
security development of basic
infrastructure
It target of creating 100 crore
man days of employment
In this yojna wages are paid
in terms of food.

Development of organised
sector

Many people are getting

employed in the organised
public and private sectors
such as industries ,
minning , transport,
construction activities
In the year 2008- 2009 it
provided employment to 2

Mahatama Gandhi Natinal Rural

Employment Guarantee Act

Govt enacted MGNREGA in 2005

and in year 2006-07 , this act has
been implemented in 200
districts of the nation
Provides 100 days of gauranteed
wage employment in every
financial year to the poor person
living in rural areas to atleast one
adult person in every house hold .

Employment in foreign
countries

Govt. also helps people

to get employment
abroad
Special; agencies have
been set up to recruit
people to serve in
foreign countries like

THANK
YOU

Employment in leventh five year

plan
creating 500 million new employment
oppourtunities
reducing unemployment rate to below 5%
creating quality jobs in organised sectors
creating non agriculture wrk oppurtunities
by creating jobs in industrial and service
sector
Special programmes aimed at target groups
such asweavers , artisans, craftsmens etc.