Different Types of

Packaging Materials

By
Shailesh Jadhav

Classification of Material used for Packaging

SELECTION OF PACKAGING
MATERIAL
The materials selected for packaging must have the
following characteristics:
1. They must protect the preparation from
environmental conditions.
2. They must not be reactive with the product,
3. They must not impart tastes or odours to the
products,
4. They must be non-toxic,
5. They must be FDA (Food & Drug Administration)
approved,
6. They must meet applicable tamper-resistance
requirements
7. They must be adaptable to commonly employed
high-speed packaging equipment. and

Application of Paper for packaging:

dry food products e.g. cereals, biscuits, bread

and baked products, tea,
coffee, sugar, flour, dry food mixes
frozen foods, chilled foods and ice cream
liquid foods and beverages milk, wines, spirits
chocolate and sugar confectionery
fast foods
fresh produce fruits, vegetables, meat and fish
personal care and hygiene perfumes,
cosmetics, toiletries
pharmaceuticals and health care
sport and leisure
engineering, electrical and DIY
agriculture, horticulture and gardening
military stores.

The main types of paper and paperboardbased packaging are:

bags, wrappings and infusible tissues, for example tea and
coffee bags, sachets, pouches, overwraps, sugar and flour
bags, carrier bags
multiwall paper sacks
folding cartons and rigid boxes
corrugated and solid fibreboard boxes (transit or shipping
cases)
paper-based tubes, tubs and composite containers
fibre drums
liquid packaging
moulded pulp containers
labels
sealing tapes
cushioning materials
cap liners (sealing wads) and diaphragms (membranes).

Paper is used for the packaging due to the

following advantages:
Flexible in nature,
Easy amenable to printing,
Easy amenable to any kind of coating,
Good temperature resistance either high or low,
Excellent properties towards recycling,
High strength properties
Good insulation properties,
High gloss properties on smooth side (i.e. felt side),
Could be manufactured with high brightness
properties,
Excellent folding endurance properties,
Good tear resistance properties and
Compatibility with other packaging materials for
lamination.

Properties of Paper Board

Paper boards are having all the properties of paper,
In addition, these materials are having good dead
fold characteristics,
High stiffness properties,
Amenability to fabricate folding cartons, display
carton, etc. and
Less cobb value as compared to paper.

Types of Paper and

Paperboard

Solid bleached board (SBB):

Paperboard made from virgin bleached chemical Pulp.

Solid unbleached board (SUB):

Paperboard made mainly from unbleached virgin chemical pulp. A
layer of bleached fibre is sometimes added to the top to provide
greater whiteness

Folding boxboard (FBB):

This paperboard is made from a layer or layers of mainly virgin
mechanical pulp sandwiched between layers of virgin chemical pulp.
The top layer is bleached chemical pulp and the bottom layer can be
either bleached or unbleached virgin chemical pulp

White lined chipboard (WLC):

This is made from multi-layers of recycled fibres. The top layer can
be made from bleached virgin chemical pulp or white deinked
recycled fibres. Between the top layer and the middle layer(s) there
can be a layer of chemical, mechanical or deinked recycled fibres.
The bottom layer can be made from selected recycled or bleached
and/or unbleached virgin fibres

These are light weight papers with the GSM of 12 to 30. It is

used for tea
and coffee bags. Wrapping tissues may be white or colored as
the chief use is
fancy wrapping. The important characteristics are toughness,
even formation,
finish and anti tarnish properties. Tissues are made from
bleached and
unbleached wood pulp, rags and other best fibers. These
papers are also used
for wrapping jewelry, silver wares etc.

Greaseproof paper is made under hygienic condition from pure wood pulp which gives excellent grease
resistance and oil hold out properties. Paper prevents penetration of oil & fats thus retain the original flavor
and taste intact. No negative effect on original quality of food since paper has good breathability.
Greaseproof paper is suitable to withstand wide range of environments, from hot oven to deep freezer &
humidity.
Range of GSM is 30 to 70.
Features
Excellent grease resistance and oil hold out properties.
Machine friendly for printing and converting.
High strength & Stability.
Withstand in Oven & freezer.
End Use
Fast food items packaging like Burger, French fries, Snack Rolls, & other oily food products. wrapping of meat,
fish and cottage cheese.

Glassine:

It is a super calendared greaseproof paper looks smooth, dense

and
transparent/semitransparent. It gives high resistance to air and
vapor passage. It may be laminated or metalized to protect
food stuffs, chemicals etc. It may be used as carton linear. The
range of GSM is 30 to 80.

Kraft:
It is a strong paper mainly used for wrapping,
packaging, sack bag etc. GSM range is 70 to 100.It
plays important role in whole distribution system.
An important class of Kraft paper is sack Kraft. This
paper is used for making bags for various materials
like cement, sugar, chemicals etc.

Vegetable Parchment:

This paper has high grease resistance and wet strength due
to sulphuric acid bathing and gelatinization. This paper can
be used in deep freeze and in both conventional and
microwave ovens. It can be silicon treated for product
release. GSM range is 30 to 230.

Vegetable Parchment paper is manufactured with chlorine free

highly refined pulp to develop excellent water proof and fat resistant
properties. It remains odorless when left wetted for long time. Paper
is free from any impurities like starch, gelatin, casein, formaldehyde
or loaded material etc.
Features
Paper is with high density, stability, and excellent grease and
moisture resistant.
High Oil Kit Value.
High Wet strength.
Machine friendly for printing and converting.
End use
The Butter and Margarine packaging.
Food wrapping and cheese wrapping.

Duplex Board:
It has two different stocks laminated together. Top layer is made up
of superior chemical wood pulp and bottom layer is of waste paper
and mechanical pulp. This board offer better printing finish on top
and protection in inner side as well as economical. These boards are
used to make folding cartons of sweet boxes, medicines etc. (230 420 gsm)
Ivory board
High quality board made in white or colors with a bright, clear
appearance, particularly used for visiting cards and similar high
class printed work Original Ivory Board was and still is made in
Holland, although the grade is now made in many countries (200 400 gsm)
Pulp Board:
They are manufactured from one type of pulp and used for making
boxes where cleanliness and strength is important. These boards
are used for manufacturing solid fiber box liner and folding cartons.
Corrugated Medium:
These boards are exclusively used for making corrugated fiber

Linear Boards:
These are strong homogeneous boards used for corrugated and
solid fiber board inner and outer facing. It acts as good binder as
well as gives resistance towards hard usage.
Mill Board:
These boards are thick and made from waste paper and
screening. They provide good stiffness. These boards are used
for binding and containers.
Grey board:
These boards are better than mill board in quality and have less
thickness. These boards are also manufactured from waste
paper. These boards are extensively used for packaging shoes
and parts of machinery.
Straw Board:
These are made from grasses, bag a sea and straws. These are
extensively used for book binding, textile industry and boxes.

Limitation of Paper based Packaging

Material

Folding Cartons
Advantages:
Economical in cost,
Easily fabricated and assembly
Collapsible
Good Printability and Embossing
Attractive design, value added feature, and
Sales appeal
Versality
Special feature-Window, Fresnel lens, Drip off
effect

Folding Cartons
Disadvantages:
Flimsy compare to set top box, plastic
container,
Not suitable for heavy or bulky object.

Types
of Folding
Cartons

Types of Setup Boxes

Advantages and Limitation of

Setup Boxes

Corrugated Paper board as a packaging material

the best possible raw materials are used;

the manufacture is carried out to very strict
and exact quality standards;
the box specifications are based upon a
good working knowledge, on the part of the
user, of the material, its properties and
limitations;
the development of such box specifications
is done systematically and with close
cooperation between the user and his
suppliers.

Properties of Paperboard
Variety of paper & board and wide range of
properties structural and design.
Suitable to meet varied production need.
Very good stacking and compression strength
Mechanical properties are very good and
comparable with glass and plastics (polystyrene)
Easy to transport
Possibility of different packaging need-Manual or
High speed packaging needs
Use of renewable resources

Production of Single Phase Corrugated

Board

Types of Corrugated Boxes

Advantages of Fibreboard Drums

Multiwall Sacks / Paperbag

Application
Types
Manufacturing process