MORPHOLOGY OF DECIDUOUS TEETH

Dental Anatomy
Ari Cahyono

Deciduous dentition
Set traits

Smaller in size
Smaller crown height/tooth length ratio
Greater crown width/height ratio

Set traits

More bulging B & L cervical ridges

Constricted cervix

Buccal cervical ridges on deciduous

molars
Occlusal aspect: constricted occlusal table

Deciduous dentition
Set traits

Molar roots
More slender & relatively longer
More bowed & flared outward
Shorter root trunk

Milk-white in color
Enamel is thinner & pulp chamber is large
Some class, arch & type traits in permanent
dentition are applied to deciduous dentition
Only new traits will be discussed

Deciduous incisors
Eruption

Mandibular before maxillary incisors

Central before lateral incisors

No mamelons, labial grooves or lobes

Maxillary Central incisor

The only incisor with MD breadth >
crown height
M & esp. D profiles overhang root
profiles
No labial grooves, depressions or
lobes
Cingulum

Bulging & more incisally located

May extend further toward the incisal
edge lingual ridge
Unmarked by pits or grooves

MRs are clearly evident

Maxillary Central incisor

Constricted cervix from
all aspects
In proximal surfaces
CL is more convex
incisally
Conical root with
rounded apex
Diamond-shaped from
incisal aspect

Maxillary lateral incisor

Much smaller than central
M & D profiles are more in line
with root profiles
Distal incisal angle is more
rounded
Labial surface is more convex
MD
Lingual fossa is deeper
MRs more prominent
CL is similar to that of central
Rounded from incisal aspect

Mandibular central incisor

Bilaterally symmetrical
90 degree MI & DI angles
Incisal margin is horizontal
Prominent cingulum with lingual
margin extending incisally
MRs are less marked than those of
max. incisors
Lingual fossa is shallower

Mandibular central incisor

Labial surface is flat MD
CL is similar to that of Max. incisors
Root

3 times the height of the crown

Narrow & conical with pointed apex

Mandibular lateral incisor

Incisal edge slopes distally
DI angle is rounded
D profile is more rounded
Greater crown height/MD ratio than mand. central
LL diameter > MD

Mandibular lateral incisor

Cingulum, fossa & MRs
are similar to those of
mand. Central
Root

Narrow & conical

Apex has D inclination
D surface has narrow
vertical depression

Maxillary canine
MD width > crown height
Labial or lingual views: diamond in
shape
M & D profiles overhang roots
HOCs are much near the cervix than in
permanent
Labial & lingual cervical 1/3s are
markedly convex
MR prominence is related to race

Minimal in Caucasians
Prominent in Mongoloid

No labial ridge or depressions

Mandibular canine
Crown height > MD width
Less cervically converging M & D
profiles
Labial or lingual aspects: arrow in
shape
No labial ridge or grooves
HOCs are much near the cervix than
in permanent
LL diameter < that of deciduous
max. canine
Less prominent cingulum or MRs &
shallower fossae than in deciduous
max. canine

Maxillary 1st molar

Most atypical of all primary or permanent molars
Intermediate between a premolar & a molar
Smallest molar in all but BL diameter

Maxillary 1st molar

Cusps

Bicusped (only MB & ML cusp

are present)
A small DB cusp is frequently
present on the D cusp ridge of
the MB cusp
Parastyle on the M ridge of MB
cusp
DL cusp rarely occurs
In some cases, a nodular tubercle
on the L portion of the D MR
resembles a DL cusp

Maxillary 1st molar

Buccal aspect

MD diameter >> crown height

M part is higher OC than D
because it is more projected
cervically onto the root area
Marked cervical constriction
Root
Very little root trunk
3 roots strongly divergent
L root is midway between the 2 B
roots

Maxillary 1st molar

Mesial aspect

Mesial marginal groove

B HOC is more cervically
located than L
Buccal cervical ridge is more
prominent in 1st molars than
in 2nd
Roots
B roots are straight & buccally
directed
L root is banana shaped with
strong B curved apical 1/3

Maxillary 1st molar

Occlusal aspect

Trapezoidal
M & D profiles are straight & slightly L convergent
B cusp > L
B triangular ridge more prominent than L
B groove separates DB cusp from MB
Central pit
Central groove
Transverse ridge (oblique ridge?) between B groove & D MR
H-shaped pit/groove pattern
Central groove
Triangular supplemental grooves

M & D marginal grooves

Maxillary 2nd molar

Morphologically considered
a model for the permanent
1st maxillary molar
Allows prediction of what
the 1st maxillary molar will
look like
This concordance is called
isomorphy
Set traits

Cervical constriction
Cervical 1/3 bulging
Little root trunk
Roots thinner & divergent

Mandibular 1st molar

Molariform unlike max. 1st
4-cusped tooth
Buccal aspect

2 cusp: MB & DB
M half > D half
M half projects more occlusally &
occupies 2/3s of crown area
M profile is straight
D profile is curved and overhanging
CL inclines downward from D to M
Roots
2 divergent roots; M & D
M is longer

Mandibular 1st molar

Lingual aspect

2 cusps: ML & DL
ML cusp is conical & larger
than DL
Outlines of B cusps are
visible
CL is more straight &
horizontal than that of the B
aspect

Mandibular 1st molar

Mesial aspect

Buccal cervical ridge (BCR)

From MB cusp tip a straight incline to
BCR
Transverse ridge connecting MB & ML
M MR is high & prominent
Mesial marginal groove separates M MR
from ML cusp ridge
CL is convex occlusally & lower on the B
end
Root
Extremely broad BL (sometimes as broad
as the crown)
Frequently bifid apex

Mandibular 1st molar

Distal aspect

All 4 cusps & M root profiles

are visible
B profile is less bulging than
from mesial aspect
D MR is lower and less
prominent than M MR
CL is more straight &
horizontal than that of M
aspect

Mandibular 1st molar

Occlusal aspect

Without the BCR, it is rectangular

BL width is grater from M than D
MB cusp is the largest, followed by
ML, DB & DL
M Transverse groove, interrupted by
Central groove; extends from M pit to
central pit
M pit
2 supplemental grooves; of which ML
crosses M MR

Central pit
B& L grooves
Often a D pit

Maxillary 2nd molar

Morphologically considered
a model for the permanent
1st mandibular molar
Allows prediction of what
the 1st mandibular molar
will look like
This concordance is called
isomorphy
Set traits

Cervical constriction
Cervical 1/3 bulging
Little root trunk
Roots thinner & divergent

Deciduous teeth - size & eruption

Tooth

Crown
height

MD crown BL crown
diameter diameter

Tooth
length

Age at
eruption

51 or 61

6.0 mm

6.5 mm

5.0 mm

16.0 mm

7.5 mths

52 or 62

5.6 mm

5.1 mm

4.0 mm

15.8 mm

8 mths

81 or 71

5.0 mm

4.2 mm

4.0 mm

14.0 mm

6.5 mths

82 or 72

5.2 mm

4.1 mm

4.0 mm

15.0 mm

7 mths

53 or 63

6.5 mm

7.0 mm

7.0 mm

19.0 mm

16-20 mths

83 or 73

6.0 mm

5.0 mm

4.8 mm

17.0 mm

16-20 mths

54 or 64

5.1 mm

7.3 mm

8.5 mm

15.2 mm

12-16 mths

55 or 65

5.7 mm

8.2 mm

10.0 mm

17.5 mm

20-30 mths

84 or 74

6.0 mm

7.7 mm

7.0 mm

15.8 mm

12-16 mths

85 or 75

5.5 mm

9.9 mm

8.7 mm

18.8 mm

20-30 mths

terimakasih