Contents

Objectives
Scaffolding
Types of Scaffolding
Planning considerations
System scaffolding
construction
Bracing
Tubular frame scaffolding
Mobile scaffolding
Dismantle of Scaffolding
Scaffolding tag system

Working platform
Scaffold Board
DOKA System
Ladder Safety
Fall protection-Safety Nets
Competent Person
Field Inspection
Remember
Major Hazards
Personal Fall Arresting system
Summary
Emergency Control Room-Ajmer

Scaffolding Safety Awareness

Objectives

Identify Project Scaffolding Requirements.

Site Key Questions Related to Scaffold Erection
Planning.
Describe Main Construction Requirements for
System Scaffolding.
Identify Major Scaffolding Hazards.
List Important Features of PFAS (Personal Fall
Arrest System).

WHAT IS SCAFFOLDING?
A temporary
structure which
provides access, or
from which
persons work, or
which is used to
support materials,
plant or
equipment.

Types of Scaffolding
Tube & Fittings
Kwickstage
Cuplock

Planning Considerations
1.

What is the exact location for the scaffold?

2.
Where will the scaffold be used for and who
will be using it?
3.
How much weight must the scaffold be
capable of supporting?
4.

What type of scaffold will be required?

5.
What is the height and length of the
required scaffold?

Planning Considerations
6. Are the ground conditions suitable?
7. Are there any overhead obstructions?
(i.e. pipe racks and power lines)
8. Will the scaffold interfere with a main road or
pedestrian traffic?
9. How will workers access the scaffold?

System Scaffolding Construction

Follow manufacturers design
specs/requirements
Base is on solid ground/footing
Structure is both square and plumb
Platforms must be:
fully planked or decked with no
gaps
at least 38 mm wide/thickness
(boards)
able to support its own weight
able to support 4 Xs its
maximum load

System Scaffolding Construction

Spacing between the bays must never
exceed 2.5 meters
All boards or planks used must always be secured
Dimensions

maximum distance between the base plate and

the first set of ledgers/ transoms
minimum spacing between transoms

System Scaffolding Construction

Guard Rails
maximum distance
between handrail
uprights
top guard rail height
must be 1.0 meter
from work platform
height of the mid
rail must
be 0.5 meter from
work platform

System Scaffolding Construction

System Scaffolding Construction

System Scaffolding Construction

TOP RAIL
MID RAIL
DROP BAR
0.95m 1.15 m

FALSE UPRIGHT

(38-45)
36 min.
SCAFFOLD PLANKS
BEARER (TRANSOM)

LADDER CLAMP
TOEBOARD

LONGITUDINAL BRACING
STANDARD
SWIVEL COUPLER
FIXED COUPLER (90)

RUNNER (LEDGER)
TRANSVERSE BRACING
BASE LIFT
(KICKER LIFT)
BASE PLATE
SILL (SOLE BOARD)

Bracing
Brace ends may be joined together with end-to-end (sleeve) couplers.
Alternatively, for braces subject to large tension loads, shall be
overlapped & joined with at least two adjustable (swivel) couplers,

 System Scaffolds

All system scaffolds shall be erected per manufacturers published

instructions and the requirements

Tubular Frame Scaffold

Designed to support 4 times the maximum

rated load.
Braced by cross bracing or diagonal braces
or both.
Set on adjustable bases or plain bases.
If load bearing capacity of soil less base to
be set on sole plate.
Each such joint to have a coupler two
stacking pins
Secured to the structure at Intervals not to
exceed 9m (30 feet) horizontally and 8m
(26 feet) vertically.
Scaffolds above 38m (125 feet) height
shall be designed by a Professional
Engineer

Mobile Scaffold

Mobile Scaffold

When free-standing height not exceed four

times the minimum base dimension.
To support four times the maximum
intended load.
All wheels shall be provided with a positive
locking device
To be braced by cross bracing or diagonal
braces or both
Platforms shall be tightly decked secured
against displacement.
Platforms shall be provided with guard rail

Mobile Scaffold

The force to move the scaffold to be applied

as close to the base as practicable
To be moved only on level floors free from
obstructions and openings.
The wheels to be provided with rubber or
similar resilient tires
Workmen not to be allowed to ride on mobile
scaffold.
All materials to be removed before mobile
scaffold is moved.
Wheels to be locked while scaffold in use.

Scaffolding
Erection

Scaffolding
Erection
By skilled workmen with the
supervision of a competent
Supervisor.
Cordoning the area.
Lifting of frame and other parts
by the use of Derrick & Pulley
arrangement
Ladder shall be used for climbing
up and down.
Red Tag shall be provided to
caution that the scaffold is under

Scaffolding
Erection
At the end of the day, if a scaffold is going to be left halferected, it is essential to lower all the loose scaffold
materials down and ensure that the scaffold is braced
adequately to the building/structure.
Double Lanyard Safety Harness shall be used by all
workmen engaged in scaffold erection works.

Dismantling of Scaffolding

Dismantling only by Skilled Workmen

Cordoning of the area
Red Tag to be displayed
Lowering of the materials by the use
of Derrick and Pulley arrangement
Each tier shall be completely
dismantled and the material lowered
to the ground before beginning to
dismantle the next tier
Materials not to be dropped

Dismantling of Scaffolding
Double lanyard safety harness to be
anchored to a strong structure or lifeline
before attempting to loosen stuck or jammed
parts
At the end of the day, if a scaffold is going to
be left half-dismantled, it is essential to
lower all the loose scaffold materials down
and ensure that the scaffold is braced
adequately to the building/structure
All the dismantled materials shall be stacked
in the appropriate manner at the designated
place

Scaffold Tag System

SAFE FOR USE

UNSAFE FOR USE

Date of Inspection:

Signature of Competent
Person

Date of Inspection :

Signature of Competent
Person

Scaffold Tag System

Red Tag
This tag indicates that the scaffold is
under erection or dismantling or has not
been inspected or is not safe for use (by
anyone other than scaffold gang).
Green Scaffold Tag
This tag indicates that the scaffold is
complete & it has been inspected by
competent person and is safe for use.
GREEN scaffold tag is valid for one week
from the date of last inspection.

WORKING PLATFORM

WORK-PLATFORM
CLOSELY BOARD
ADEQUATELY SECURED
NOT LESS THAN 200 MM WIDE AND & 50 MM
THK
SUPPORTED ATLEAST OVER 3 SUPPORTS
EXTEND 600 MM BEYOND THE WORKING SPACE
600 mm WHEN USED FOR PERSON
800 mm WHEN USED FOR PERSON & MATERIAL
OVERHANG
minimum 50 mm
maximum 4 times the thk of the board.
Allowable max. span between supports
1.5 thick plank 1.5 m
2 thick plank

2.6 m

Scaffold Board

L&T - DOKA SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES

Flexible system
- Lesser overall stock
Rapid assembly
- Reduced cycle time, labour
savings.
Virtually self aligning
- Dimensional accuracy.
International safety Standard
- Built in safety features
Excellent aesthetics
- Consistent high quality, lines,
surface finish.
Overall Economy
- Versatile and recurring
productive usage netting large
savings

L&T - DOKA SYSTEM

CLIMBING

WALL

FLEX

COLUMN

Strength of Steel

&

ACCESS

BFS

Flexibilty of Timber

STAIR

HDT

WALL

FLEX

BFS

HDT

Few Donts

LADDER

FACE AWAY THE

LADDER WHEN
ASCENDING
OR
DESCENDING

LOAD THE
RUNGS OF THE

OVERREACH ON
A LADDER

DON'T

SAY Oh! GOD

USE MAKESHIFT
LADDERS

ALLOW MORE THAN

ONE PERSON AT A

Ladder Safety
Single section only,
Length not more than 10 m,
Distance between rungs.

Not less than 250 mm.

Not more than 350 mm.
Must support 4 times the max
load.
Width between side rails;
290 mm - up to 3 m Length
+6 mm - for every 0.3m
Length
Make shift ladders shall not be
permitted

Fall protection
Safety Net
Safety net protects,
Person from falling

Protect person working below

Safety net distance should not

exceed 7.5 m

Net shall extend

up to 1.5 m
2.40 m

1.5 to 3.0 m 3.00 m

> 3.0 m
4.00 m

Tie cord at every 1 m

Competent Person
Required employee capable of identifying and
promptly correcting scaffolding hazards

selects qualified workers to erect &

dismantle scaffolding
determines if it is safe to work on a

during storms or high winds

trains workers to recognize hazards

scaffold

Field Inspection
Competent person inspects
for visible defects
before each shift & after any
alterations
Document inspections every
week
(long standing structures)
Remove defective parts from
use!
Tag all scaffolding per
procedure!

Remember!
Scaffolds can only be erected, moved,
dismantled or altered under the supervision

of a competent person.
Competent person selects and
directs workers & determines
if necessary fall protection measures.

Remember!
Train all scaffolding
crews how to
erect, disassemble,
move, & work on
scaffolds
inspect, maintain, &
repair scaffolds
recognize hazards &
use fall protection
follow relevant
project
procedures.

Major Hazards
Falls from any
elevation
Bad planking
Scaffold collapse
Falling objects
(tools, debris, etc.)
Electrocution

Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)

Full Body Harness

Retractable reels / inertia
rails / rope grabs
Lifelines - independent /
horizontal / vertical
Secure anchorage points
Competent person to check
PFAS & lifeline
Installation

SUMMARY

Comply with Site scaffolding

requirements
Plan ahead for scaffolding
construction
Conduct required training
Conduct risk assessments
(JHA/JSA)
Reinforce safe practices
through inspection

Any
Questions???