SEMINAR

PRESENTATION ON
BRICK
MANUFACTURING
KIRON RAJPUT
CIVIL ENGG.
6TH SEMESTER
ROLL NO-POW-09-CV-022
GROUP-C

On

Contents
Introduction
Principal ingredients
Principal forms of clay
Manufacturing of Bricks
Bricks size
Common Test on Bricks
Qualities of a first class brick
Conclusion

Introduction
Brick is one of the oldest building materials used in
construction.
Even today the manufacturer of bricks still follows
the same basic procedures.
Today the use of modern plants have made
manufacturing
process
more
efficient
in
manufacturing bricks.
With complete knowledge & better usage of raw
materials in better kilns have increased the usage
of bricks in modern decades.

Principal Ingredients
The principal ingredients used in manufacturing of bricks is
clay. The clay must consist of following ingredients. These
are:
1. Alumina- 20% to 30%
2. Silica- 50% to 60%
3. Lime- 5%
4. Oxides of iron- 5% to 6%
5. Magnesia- a small quantity

Principal Forms of Clay

Clay occurs in three principal
forms same chemical
properties different physical
properties
Surface clays found near
the surface of the earth
Shales subjected to high
pressures relatively hard
Fireclays deeper levels
uniform physical and
chemical properties
withstand higher temp.

Manufacturing of Brick
Mining and Storage
Mined open pit
Clay is in form of large
clumps undergoes
primary crushing
Preparing Raw Material
Crushed into small pieces
no larger then 2 in.
Grinders reduce it to a
fine powder

Manufacturing of Brick
Moulding:
The clay is now
moulded. It can be
done in two ways. They
are:
Hand moulding
Machine moulding
Generally machine
moulded bricks are
preferred for
construction.

Manufacturing of Brick
Drying
Before drying must have
between 7 to 30% water
Kilns are used to dry
Shrinkage occurs
Temp range from 28 to
204 degrees C
Drying time ranges from
24 to 48 hours

Manufacturing of Brick
Burning and Cooling It is a very important
operation.
It imparts hardness and
strength to the bricks
Generally 650 degree
centigrade is preferred.
Can be burnt in Clamps or Kilns
Generally Kilns are popularly
used for its efficiency and
profitability.

Brick Sizes
The standard size of bricks
is= 19cm x 9cm x 9cm
The traditional brick size is
= 24.8cm x 12.1cm x 7cm

Common Test on Bricks

A brick is generally subjected to following
tests. These are:
Absorption Test
Crushing Strength test
Hardness test
Presence of soluble salts
Shape and size
Soundness Test
Structure Test

Qualities of a First class

Brick
The brick should be uniform and light
It should be of standard size and shape
It should give a clear metallic sound when struck
together.
Shouldnt absorb water more than 20% of its
weight
Should not contain efflorescence
Crushing strength shouldnt be below 5.50 N/mm2
Should have low thermal conductivity.

Conclusion
Thus we can conclude with that
bricks are the most important
materials
for
Civil
Engg.
Construction, so bricks should
be superior in quality thus
having the right composition of
raw materials.