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Emotions,
12
Stress,
and Health
PowerPoint
Presentation
by Jim Foley
2013 Worth Publishers
I face a stranger,
and my heart is
pounding. Is it fear?
Excitement? Anger?
Lust? Or did I have
too much caffeine?
The label completes
LeDoux,
and Richard Lazarus:
Emotions without
Awareness/Cognition
Theory: some emotional reactions,
especially fears, likes, and dislikes,
develop in a low road through the
brain, skipping conscious thought.
In one study,
people showed an
amygdala
response to
certain images
(above, left)
without being
aware of the
even in emotional
responses that operate
without conscious thought,
top-down cognitive
functions such as appraisal
of stimuli (is that a threat
or something I would
enjoy?) can be involved .
Detecting Emotion in
Others
People read a great deal
We are primed to quickly
of emotional content in
the eyes (the window to
the soul) and the faces.
Introverts are better at
detecting emotions;
extroverts have
emotions that are easier
to read.
detect negative
emotions, and even
negative emotion words.
Those who have been
abused are biased
toward seeing fearful
faces as angry, as in the
test below.
Is Experienced Emotion as
Universal as Expressed
Emotion?
Carroll Izzard
suggested that
there are ten
basic emotions:
those evident
at birth (seen
here) plus
contempt,
shame, and
guilt.
Anger
A flash of anger gives us
Happiness
Stressors
There may be a
spectrum of levels of
intensity and
persistence of stressors.
We can also see
stressors as falling into
one of three categories:
catastrophes.
significant life
changes.
chronic daily hassles.
13
General Adaptation
Syndrome [GAS]
(Identified by Hans Selye):
Our stress response system
defends, then fatigues.
15
16
Health Consequences of
Chronic Stress: The Repeated
Release of Stress Hormones
17
In response to a stressor
such as the death of a
loved one, women may
tend and befriend:
nurture themselves and
others, and bond
together.
The bonding hormone
oxytocin may play a
role in this bonding.
Women show behavioral
and neurological signs of
becoming more
empathetic under stress.
Type A
PersonalityStress
Heart Disease
that negative
outcomes will
happen, and often
facing them by
complaining and/or
Only the
middle,
subordinat
e rat had
increased
ulcers.
It is not
the level of
shock, but
the level of
control
over the
shock,
which
created
stress.
21
22
Aerobic exercise
refers to sustained
activity that raises
heart rate and
Aerobic
oxygen
exercise triggers
certain
genes to produce
consumption.
23