DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF

CHARCOAL STOVE FOR HOUSEHOLD

USE (USING TIMER AND RELAY)

ABSTRACT

Most of the available charcoal stoves are

embedded with fans that are controlled
manually by voltage regulators which have
a single stage of speed. Householders using
these devices in cooking rice are not
capable in controlling both temperature and
time while cooking. Due to this difficulty,
the rice that is being cooked can emerge
burnt and unusable or mushy and
unpalatable.

So, an efficient automatic fan speed control

system that automatically changes the
speed level according to the rice cooking
processes was implemented to solve the
problems in rice cooking associated with
charcoal stoves. Accordingly, it is a principal
object of the present invention which
provides an improved control circuit for a
charcoal stove fan that is reliable and
particularly cost effective.

Both timer and relay control the voltage

supply of the fan from soaking until the rice
is cooked. The time to be consumed in
cooking the desired amount of rice is
displayed on the (16 x 2) Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD). The designed system has
been proven to be a reasonable
advancement in control system technology.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Design a fan that will automatically change
the speed level according to the rice
cooking process (boiling and steaming)
Develop an intelligent system that can
automatically switch OFF the fan when the
rice is cooked
Design an intelligent control system that
can display the time elapse for cooking on
the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) made
available in the system.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
This

study may be significant to the

community especially in the
household of many families and to
the people involved under the study
to make use of the benefits
presented by the charcoal stove.

Furthermore, the study helps in the

following aspects:
Energy Conservation. This study is the
easiest, most affordable and most
effective way for families to use energy
more wisely.
Durability. Compared to rice cooker, this
Super Kalan can last longer in terms of
years of usage depending on the way of
handling it.

Fire Prevention. This design is equipped

with dual relay and two sorts of timer that
are the major components that makes this
stove more reliable than others especially
prevents it to cause any fire accidents and
is safer to use because its fan
automatically shuts off after the rice is
fully cooked.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Instrument Used in
Cooking
Super Kalan Using
Timer and Relay
Rice Cooker

Time Elapsed of
cooking Rice Using
Super Kalan Using
Timer and Relay and
Rice Cooker in three
stages:
Boiling (min)
Warming (min)
Steaming (min)

METHODOLOGY

Materials
Wood charcoal
Timer
weighing scale
Super Kalan, inclusive of 12-V fan
Rice Cooker (American Heritage Rice Cooker
rated 220V~60 Hz 400 W)
Three-Fourths Kilo Tonner Rice (control var.)

METHODOLOGY
Timer Set-up Database

Cooking Rice Using Super Kalan

Three-fourths (3/4) kilogram of Tonner rice
was cooked using the original and unmodified
Super Kalan and one-eight (1/8) kilogram of
wood charcoal was used. The time it took for
the rice to reach its boiling point up to the
time it is considered cooked were measured
using timer. This served as the basis for the
time set-up of the control system of the timer
of the circuit.

Evaluation of the Performance of the

Controller System
The time elapsed of cooking rice using the
Super Kalan with Timer and Relay and Rice
Cooker were measured to compare the
difference between the two. The test was
conducted three times.

RESULT
S

Time Elapsed in Cooking Rice

35

33

30

28

25
Time Elapsed (min)

20

20

20
Super Kalan
15

15
10

Rice Cooker

5
0

Boiling

Rice Cooker

Steaming

Stages of Cooking Process

*mean

Super Kalan

Warming

Boiling (min)

Warming
(min)

Steaming
(min)

15

20

20

28

33

CONCLUSION
The

designed system automatically

changes speed (the fan) depending
on the applied voltage that precisely
changes from time to time that
ranges from 12V down to 6V and
automatically shuts off when the
voltage drops to 0V.

 The

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is

used by the microcontroller to
communicate to the outside world. It
displays the time elapsed in cooking
rice.

From the gathered data, it can be

concluded that there is a significant
difference between the time elapsed of
charcoal stoves and rice cookers when it
comes to cooking rice. Charcoal stove
locally known as Super Kalan has lesser
time consumption in boiling and steaming
of rice compared to rice cooker.

RECOMMENDATION
Design a control system that would vary
the fan speed in terms of the temperature
of the cooking surface (temperature
sensor)
Devise a control system of the stove which
collects the ashes produced after cooking
and
Develop the improved stove which
possesses the above said features and is
capable of cooking any amount of rice