Mdulo: Comunicacin

productiva en ingles
Unidad 2.2.1 Objetivo de Aprendizaje:
Expresa acuerdos y desacuerdos conforme estructuras
gramaticales y vocabulario propios que indiquen resolucin o
resultado.
Contenido:

Modales de Obligacin: Should, Shouldnt,

Ought to

Have to, Dont

Have to, Must,
Mustnt
Modales de Expresin de Probabilidad: May,
Might

GIVING

EXPRESSING

EXPRESSING PROHIBITIONS

Present/future situations:
Advice:

Obligation:

Must / Have to
(He/She/It) Has to

should or shouldnt
Prohibition:
ought to
*ought to

(not common in negative form)

Mustnt

Lack of Necessity
Dont have to
Doesnt have to
(He/She/It)

Should and Shouldn't - Use

We use should and shouldn't to give advice or
to talk about what we think is right or wrong.
You should means something like I think it is a
good idea for you to do it.
You shouldn't means something like I think it
is a bad idea for you to do it.
Should is used to express the opinion of a
speaker and often follows I think or I don't
think

simple
form!

e should get some coffee.

-She should to get some coffee.
-She should going get some fresh
air to help her wake up.

I dont feel
well today.

-You should stay

home and rest.
-You ought to call
in sick to work.

Im failing my
math class.
-You should get a tutor to help you.
-You ought to talk to your teacher to
see if you can do any extra work.
-You should improve your grade or
your parents will be very upset.

MODALS OF OBLIGATION &

PROHIBITION

UST, MUST NOT (MUSTN

MUST: OBLIGATION
MUSTNT : PROHIBITION

Modals of Obligation:
We use must or have to when
we are expressing an obligation,
and we are emphasizing that
there is no choice!

Have to: more common in

everyday
speech

Must:

Common for written

Review:
Susan has to hurry if
she wants to catch the
bus!
We use have to in everyday speech, and must in more
formal situationsespecially for written rules!

On a plane, everyone must

wear a seatbelt.
All employees must fill out a
weekly report.

Have to/must:
negative forms
Susan doesnt have to get up
early tomorrow, so she can
sleep late.
Doesnt or dont have to expresses a lack
of necessity;
M u s t n o t ( m u s t n t ) e x p r e s s e s p ro h i b i t i o n
and is more formal

You must not (mustn't) talk

on your cell phone while
driving!

DOESNT HAVE TO / DONT HAVE

TO
I
YOU (Singular)
DONT HAVE
WE
TO have to work
YOU (Plural)
You dont
today.
THEY

DOESNT
HAVE
HE
TO
SHE
IT
to play now.

He doesnt have

REVIE
W:
SHOULD
SHOULDN
T

ADVICES and
RECOMMENDATI
ONS

MUST
HAVE TO, HAS
TO

MUSTNT

EXPRESSE
S
PROHIBITI
ON

OBLIGATIONS
(There is no
choice)
DONT HAVE
TO
DOESNT HAVE
TO

EXPRESSES A
LACK OF
NECESSITY

EXAMPLES:

You should
new house.

save

your money to buy a

You ought to
a separate savings account for
the house you start
want to buy.
Mark shouldnt
out to play with his friends.
go
He has too much homework.

**Important note:

we dont usually use ought to

in the negative; shouldnt is preferred.

EXAMPLE
S

 I think we should check everything

again.
(Advice / Recommendation)
I must go to bed earlier( Strong Obligation
impuesta
por nosotros.)

I must go to the doctor.

(Strong Obligacin,

impuesta por
nosotros.)

Children have to go to school.

(Strong

Obligationimpuesta por alguien ms)

I have to do the homework.

(Strong

TIME TO
PRACTICE !
PLEASE, GET
YOUR
NOTEBOOK

Give
Advice!
Use should
Use ought
to

My computer
isnt working!

Give
Advice!
Use should
Use ought
to

Tomas is having
trouble in his
History class. Give
him advice.

Leslies car broke down, and now shes

stranded. What should she do?

During the
interview?

Ana has a job interview next

week. How should she dress
for the interview?

The doctor told John that he isnt

healthy. He is overweight, he has high
cholesterol, and he is pre-diabetic.
Give
Advice!
Use should
Use ought to

This student wants to become a better

English speaker. She wants to improve
her confidence in English.
Give her advice.

LETS
PRACTICE

COMPLETE THE
SENTENCES BELOW:
o You ______________________ eat healthy food. (Recommendation)
o Tere ____________________ buy a new cell, hers is new. (Lack of
necessity)
o The students ________________ fight in the school. (Prohibition)
o You ________________ complete your evidence to get your final
o grades. (Obligation- Theres no choice)
o You ____________________ park your car here. Its a yellow line.

Complete your booklet # 3

exercises to practice these
forms!

Remember:
Practice
makes
perfect!