DRAINAGE SYSTEM

SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTION
IN MALAYSIA A SEPARATE SYSTEM IS USED TO DRAIN
SEWAGE AND SURFACE WATER.
CIRCULAR CLOSED CONDUITS ARE USED AS SEWERS AND
OPEN CHANNEL DRAINS USED AS SURFACE WATER
DRAINAGE.
SURFACE WATER AS A RESULT OF RAINFALL MUST BE
DRAINED AS FAST AS POSSIBLE OUT OF THE DEVELOPMENT
AREA TO AVOID FLASH FLOOD.

CHARACTERISTIC OF GOOD DRAINAGE SYSTEM

1)

Final Platform Level Must Be Above Flood

2)

Provide Retention Pond To Retain/Store Surface Water

Draining Downstream.

3)

Drain should be constructed with efficient gradient 1:40,

1:60,1:80, 1:120

4)

Size and depth of drainage system should be enough to

cater water during heavy storm in order to prevent any
flash flood

5)

Drain should be design according to the purpose and

function of drainage system, so that it can work efficiently

6)

Maintenance to drainage system to prevent any blockage

Before

TYPES OF DRAIN
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

Main Drain / Monsoon Drain

RCP Concealed Drain
PC Covered Drain / Box Drain
PC Open Drain (V and U Shape)
Cascade Drain
Scupper Drain
Sub-soil Drain
Roadside Drain

Main / Monsoon Drain

PC Main / Monsoon Drain

RCP Concealed Drain

Spigot & socket with

rubber Joint

600 Dia. Spigot Socket RCP Drain

PC Covered Drain / Box Drain

Mortar
Joint

600 x 600 PC Covered /Box Drain

Spigot & socket with

rubber Joint

PC Open Drain

PC Cascade Drain / Roadside Drain

CASCADE DRAIN

CASCADE DRAIN

BERM DRAIN

ROADSIDE DRAIN

SCUPPER DRAIN

Sub-soil Drain
POND AREA & DRAINAGE
DISCHARGE OUTLET

CHARACTERISTIC OF VARIOUS TYPES OF DRAIN

TYPES OF DRAIN

CHARACTERISTIC

Pre Cast V Drain

- "V Shape
- Normally can be found along
roadside or as a berm drain.

Pre Cast U Drain

- "U Shape
- Normally can be found at around
perimeter houses or building.

R.C Drain

- Drain which made up from

reinforced concrete structure.
- In-situ reinforced concrete drain
- Construction for roadside drain

Half Round Drain

- Half Round Shape

- Construction of drain for housing
area

DIAGRAM

CHARACTERISTIC OF VARIOUS TYPES OF DRAIN

TYPES OF DRAIN
Cascading Drain

CHARACTERISTIC
- Drain construct in stages (stair)
- As a support for hill drain
- Construction only for embankment along
roadside

Scupper Drain

- Construction at roadside area

- To flow water along roadside to drainage
during rainfall

Roadside Drain

- Construction at roadside area

- Function of roadside drain is to prevent
flooding at road area

DIAGRAM

Material

PC Box Drain

V-Shape Drain

RCP Drain

U-Shape Drain

HDPE Sub-soil Drain

UPVC Pipe

Installation & Laying Of RC Pipe / Storm Water Drain

Construction of Concealed Drain

16

Installation & Laying Of PC U-shape/Box Drain

1

Covered Drain

POND
AREA
& DRAINAGE
Golf
Course
DrainageDISCHARGE
& Sub-soilOUTLET
Drain

COMPARISON METHOD OF DRAIN CONSTRUCTION

15m

Grass Swale

75x75 Strut @ 3m c/c

15m

600mm
dia.RCP socket
spigot Class
X

Compact Earth

1340mm

1340mm

Compact Earth

15m

Double Brickwall
Plastering
2%

Hard Material

1000mm

CONCEALED DRAIN

225mm Half Round

Glazed
Concrete G15

1000mm

OPEN DRAIN

ROAD

75m

15m

225mm Half Round Glazed

75m

600mm dia.RCP Socket Spigot

Class X

ROAD

15m

COMPARISON METHOD OF DRAIN CONSTRUCTION

1 EXCAVATION
75x75 Strut @ 3m c/c

Grass Swale
5

Compact Earth

450mm
Compact Earth

70mm
600mm dia.RCP socket
spigot Class X

600mm
3
2

Hard Material

80mm

740mm

1340mm

4
1127.5mm

150mm

100mm

CONCEAL DRAIN

3
Double Brickwall

7
Plastering

112.5mm

1000mm

70mm

80mm

2%

2%

225mm Half Round

Glazed
Concrete G15

2
35 240
mm mm

450mm

240 35
mm mm

1000mm

OPEN DRAIN