The

Renaissan
ce
Architectu
re

The Renaissance is a historical period in

Europe defined by the evolution of painting,
architecture, sculpture and allied arts.
This period corresponds to the revival of the
classical forms originally developed by ancient
Greeks and Romans, but also to a growing
interest in humanism. Renaissance architecture
has its origins in Florence, in the early 15 th
century.

An interesting fact is that in this period, artists

used a proportion named golden mean which
was important in construction of buildings, as it
is taught that it was an harmonious way to create
any structure.

Renaissance architecture had specific features that

were fairly common to major construction as the facades
were symmetrical and the ceilings were generally flat,
another specific feature being the regularity of parts to
the whole as they are demonstrated in the architecture of
classical Rome, the columns were arranged in a specific
order and the semi-circular arches replaced the complex
proportional systems of medieval buildings.

Temple of
Vesta

Renaissance architecture could be divided in

3 periods:
Early Renaissance (1400 - 1500)
High Renaissance (1500 - 1525)
Late Renaissance (1525 - 1600)

Early Renaissance
The most important architects from the Early
Renaissance were Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon
Battista Alberti.

Filippo
Brunellesc
hi

Leon
Battista
Alberti

Basilica of San Lorenzo

The plain exterior of this building includes a series

of blind arches, while the interior is graced with
crisp grey-and-white planar classicism; only the
columns prevent this interior from being composed
entirely of flat surfaces.

Santa Maria Novella faade,

designed by Leon Battista Alberti.

Artists who produced items for the church include big

names as:
Sandro Botticelli
Bronzino theMiracle of Jesus
Filippo BrunelleschiThe Crucifix(between 1410 and
1425)
Giacomo Marchetti-Martyrdom of Saint Laurence.
MasaccioThe Trinity
Giorgio VasariMadonna of the Rosary(1568)

High Renaissance

Donato Bramante is one of the most important

architects from the Renaissance, being
considered a member of the High Renaissance
trio, along the sculptor Michelangelo and
Raphael.

Tempietto
Tempietto is considered the greatest work of Donato
Bramante. Its design was inspired by a particular type of
classical temple and despite its small size, the Tempietto
is often considered the crowning work of High
Renaissance architecture.

Palazzo Farnese could be considered the

greatest Renaissance palace. A decorative
treatment of the palazzo was rustication, in
which the wall is textured rather than
smooth. This can entail leaving grooves in
the joints between smooth blocks, using
roughly dressed blocks, or using blocks that
have been deliberately textured.

The High Renaissance was defined by

a classical simplicity and harmony in
Renaissance art and architecture. The
central plan layout found in many Roma
temples, most notably the Pantheon, wa
popular during this period. Common
shapes for central plan buildings are the
circle, square, and octagon.

Late Renaissance
The Late Renaissance featured a
general relaxation of the severe simplicity and order of
the High Renaissance.
Andrea Palladio is the exponential architect who
maintained a firmly classical aesthetic. Palladio, known
primarily for villa design, is the foremost architect of
the Late Renaissance.

Andre
a

Villa
Rotonda
Villa Foscari

Villa Pisani

Mannerism became part of the later

Renaissance style. Michelangelo was
using the Mannerist style and he
invented a giant order: a large pilaster
that stretches from the bottom to the top
of a facade.
Architects also experimented with
using architectural forms to emphasize
solid and spatial relation in a bizzare way.

The Renaissance greatly influenced

Transylvanian architecture. Characteristic
Renaissance style chapel can be found at the
cathedral St. Michael in Alba Iulia. In the same
style were transformed 16 castle. They were built
on a rectangular plan, with patio: Vinu de Jos, Cri,
Snmiclu castles , the latter having two
overlapping loggia made up of semicircular arches.
Bourgeois houses in cities have adopted new forms
especially in decoration doors and windows

Since humanity started building edifices

and great structures, mathematics and
architecture . Obviously, improvements in
surveying and applied mathematics helped
engineers to build greater and bigger
monuments, using mathematical techniques.

Chteau de
Chambord

Btiosu Rzvan
ETC Engleza
Grupa 1.1