Microsoft Official

Course

Module 2

Installing and Configuring the

Hyper-V Role

Module Overview
Installing the Hyper-V Role
Managing Hyper-V
Configuring Hyper-V Settings
Hyper-V Host Storage and Networking

Lesson 1: Installing the Hyper-V Role

Server Platforms That Provide Hyper-V
Hyper-V and Virtual Machine Scalability
Hyper-V Architecture
Considerations for Disk and Storage
Considerations for Networking
Considerations for Providing High Availability
Host Changes After Installing the Hyper-V
Role
Demonstration: Installing the Hyper-V Role

Server Platforms That Provide Hyper-V

Windows Server 2008 and newer Windows Server operating

systems:

Include Hyper-V and other roles

GUI and command-line management
Licensed per processor, includes virtualization rights

Standard edition: two virtual machines with each Windows Server

operating system

Datacenter edition: unlimited virtual machines with each Windows

Server operating system

Hyper-V Server 2008 and newer:

Includes only the Hyper-V role

Command-line management only (if managed locally)
Free, virtual machines must be licensed separately

Windows 8 and newer Windows client 64-bit operating

systems:

Client Hyper-V, does not include server-level features such as

Hyper-V and Virtual Machine Scalability

System

Server

Virtual
machine

Failover
cluster

Resource

Windows Server
2012 R2

Logical processors

320

Physical memory

4 TB

Virtual processors per server

2,048

Virtual processors per virtual

machine

64

Memory per virtual machine

1 TB

Running virtual machines per server

1,024

Virtual disk size

64 TB

Nodes per failover cluster

Running virtual machines per cluster

64
8,000

Hyper-V Architecture
Provided by

Operating System

ISV/IHV/OEM

Parent Partition
Virtual
machine
Worker
Processes
WMI
WMI Provider
Provider

Hyper-V

Microsoft / Citrix

Child Partitions

Applications
Applications

Applications

Applications

Virtual
Virtual machine
machine
services
services
Windows Server
2012 R2
Windows
Windows
Kernel
Kernel

VSP
VSP

IHV
Drivers
VMBus
VMBus

Non-Hypervisor
Windows
ServerServer 2012
Windows
R2
Aware
2008 R2, 2012
operating
system
Windows
VSC
Kernel
Emulation
Emulation
VMBus
VMBus
Windows
hypervisor
Designed for
Windows
Server Hardware

User
mode

Supported
Linux
Distributions
Kernel
mode
Linux
Linux
VSC
VSC
VMBus
VMBus
Ring -1

Considerations for Disk and Storage

Hyper-V hosts can use
DAS
SAN
NAS (SMB 3.0)

Network shared folders (SMB 3.0)

Virtual Machines require storage for

Virtual hard disk files
Configuration
Checkpoints
Saved state

Considerations for Networking

Hyper-V host should have multiple NICs
Dedicated NIC for Hyper-V management
At least one NIC for virtual machine networks
Two NICs for shared storage
Dedicated NIC for failover clustering (private
network)
At least one NIC for live migration
Use fast NICs
NIC Teaming for redundancy and throughput
Bandwidth management

Considerations for Providing High

Availability
Hyper-V host-based failover clustering
Virtual machines are highly available
Virtual machine-based failover clustering

Cluster roles in virtual machines are highly

available

Virtual machine-based NLB

Highly available and scale out web-based
applications
Application-specific clustering

Applications are highly available

Host Changes After Installing the Hyper-V

Role
Hyper-V is installed as a server role
Server Manager, Install-WindowsFeature,
dism.exe
Restart required after installation
Hypervisor is added and starts

automatically
Windows Server is moved into parent
partition
Hyper-V management tools
Additional services
Performance Monitor counters
Applications and Services logs
Hyper-V Administrators group

Demonstration: Installing the Hyper-V Role

In this demonstration, you will see how to
install the Hyper-V role

Lesson 2: Managing Hyper-V

Overview of the Hyper-V Manager Console
Adding the Hyper-V Manager Console
Demonstration: Installing and Using Hyper-V
Manager
Using Windows PowerShell to Manage HyperV
Managing Hyper-V in a Workgroup
Environment
Hyper-V Best Practices Analyzer
Hyper-V Security Model

Overview of the Hyper-V Manager Console

Hyper-V servers

Listing of
virtual
machines

Hyper-V
server
actions

Virtual
machine
actions

Adding the Hyper-V Manager Console

Used for configuring Hyper-V
Also on Hyper-V Server
If adding the Hyper-V role by using Server

Manager, Hyper-V Manager console is added

automatically
Hyper-V Management Tool is a feature that
you must enable
Windows Server - Add feature
Windows 8 - Turn on Windows Feature

Install RSAT and turn on Windows Feature

(Windows 7)
If Hyper-V Manager console cannot run on a
device

Demonstration: Installing and Using

Hyper-V Manager
In this demonstration, you will see how to
install and use Hyper-V Manager

Using Windows PowerShell to Manage

Hyper-V
Hyper-V module installed with Hyper-V role
Hyper-V can be managed entirely in Windows
PowerShell

Get-Command -Module Hyper-V

Get-Help <cmdlet>, Get-Command *part*

Verb-Noun cmdlet name syntax

Get-, Set-, Disable-, Enable-, New-, Add-,

Get-VMHost -ServerName LON-DC1, LON-SVR1

Get-VM -HostName LON-HOST1 | Save-VM

Start-VM -Name *DC* -HostName LON-HOST1

Get-VMHost -HostName LON-HOST1 | ft

Windows PowerShell ISE

Managing Hyper-V in a Workgroup

Environment
Hyper-V can be a workgroup member
This has no effect on virtual machines running on
the Hyper-V host
Domain membership simplifies management
To enable remote management in a

workgroup
Enable Hyper-V firewall rules (Server Core only)
Create a local user with the same username and
password
Add a local user to Hyper-V Administrators group
Grant administrative rights remotely to local users

Connect to the Hyper-V host in Hyper-V

Manager console

Hyper-V Best Practices Analyzer

Best Practices are guidelines for typical

deployment
Hyper-V BPA includes over 110 rules including:
Hyper-V should be the only enabled role
Server Core is recommended for servers that are
running Hyper-V
Domain membership is recommended for Hyper-V

BPA is available in Server Manager and

Windows PowerShell
Can scan one or multiple roles locally or remotely
Can filter scan results

Compliance scan returns one of three levels:

Error, Warning, Information

Hyper-V Security Model

Authorization Manager controls Hyper-V security

Challenging to use, not suitable for complex security

rules
Deprecated, but still available in Windows Server
2012 R2
Many administrators use VMM

Simple Authorization is used on Windows Server

2012 R2
Hyper-V Administrators local and domain groups are
empty by default
Members have full access to Hyper-V
Hyper-V Administrators group is incorporated into
Authorization Manager

Lesson 3: Configuring Hyper-V Settings

Overview of Hyper-V Settings
Demonstration: Configuring Hyper-V Settings
What Is NUMA?
What Is Enhanced Session Mode?
What Are Resource Pools?

Overview of Hyper-V Settings

Demonstration: Configuring Hyper-V

Settings
In this demonstration, you will see how to
configure Hyper-V settings

What Is NUMA?
NUMA

Enables hosts to scale up CPUs and memory

Partitions CPUs and memory into NUMA nodes
Allocation and latency depends on relative CPU
location

Hyper-V presents NUMA topology to virtual

machines
The guest operating system can make decisions on
how to use resources
Can minimize cross-node memory access

NUMA spanning enabled at host level

Virtual NUMA topology can be configured at virtual

machine level
By default, virtual NUMA aligns with physical NUMA

What Is NUMA?
NUMA node 1

NUMA node 2
Processors

Memory

NUMA node 3

NUMA node 4
Processors

Memory

What Is NUMA?
NUMA node 1

NUMA node 2
Processors

Memory

NUMA node 3

NUMA node 4
Processors

Memory

Processor accessing RAM

from same node
Processor accessing RAM
from different node

What Is NUMA?

vNUMA node A vNUMA node B

vNUMA node A vNUMA node B

NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2 NUMA node 3 NUMA node 4

What Is Enhanced Session Mode?

Remote Desktop over VMBus
Full Remote Desktop capabilities
Shared clipboard
Printers, smart cards, USB devices redirection
Folder redirection

Enabled at Hyper-V host

Guest operating system

support required
Windows Server 2012 R2
Windows 8.1
Remote Desktop users

What Is Enhanced Session Mode?

Virtual
machine
connect
Basic
experien
ce

Virtual
Machine
Management
Service
Virtual
Machine
Worker
Process

Application
s
Applicatio
ns
Application
s
Video /
keyboard /
mouse driver

VMBus

VMBus
Hypervisor

What Is Enhanced Session Mode?

Virtual
machine
connect
Enhance
d
session
mode

Virtual
Machine
Management
Service
Virtual
Machine
Worker
Process

Application
s
Applicatio
ns
Application
s
Remote
Desktop
Services

VMBus

VMBus
Hypervisor

What Are Resource Pools?

Resource pools are logical containers
Layer of abstraction between virtual machine and

hardware

Virtual machine configured to use the pool

Virtual machine can use any resource from the configured pool

Helpful when moving virtual machines

Resource pools can be used for chargeback
Different resource pool types

Processor, Memory, Ethernet, VHD

Resource pools configured by Windows PowerShell

Get-VMResourcePool
New-VMResourcePool -Name "Contoso Network"
-ResourcePoolType Ethernet

What Are Resource Pools?

Lesson 4: Hyper-V Host Storage and

Networking
Overview of Storage Spaces
Overview of Disk Deduplication
What Is Offloaded Data Transfer?
What Is SMB 3.0?
Hyper-V Over SMB
Overview of NIC Teaming

Overview of Storage Spaces

Storage pools collection of physical disks
Storage Spaces virtual disks on storage

spaces
Windows
virtualized
storage

Storage
Spaces

Storage Pool

Storage
Spaces

Storage
Spaces

Storage Pool

Storage Pool

(Shared) SAS, SATA or USB

Physical
storage

Storage Spaces features

Resiliency and integrity on standard disks
Continuous availability and CSV integration
Optimal storage use and storage tiering

Overview of Disk Deduplication

Identifies and removes duplications within data

Without compromising data integrity

To store more data on less space
After data is stored (post-process)

Requires NTFS file system

Failover clustering and shared storage supported

CSV support added in R2

Can significantly decrease space usage for virtual

hard disk library

Windows Server 2012 R2 adds support for live

virtual hard disk deduplication for VDI

Virtual hard disks must be accessed on an SMB 3.0 network

share
Deduplication of virtual machines that use local storage not

What Is Offloaded Data Transfer?

Traditional data copy model
Server issues read request to SAN
Data is read and transferred into memory
Data is transferred and written from memory to
SAN
Issues: CPU and memory utilization, increased
traffic
Offload-enabled data copy model
Server issues read request and SAN returns token
Server issues write request to SAN using token
SAN completes data copy and confirms
completion
Benefits: Increased performance, reduced

What Is Offloaded Data Transfer?

Token

Offloa
d read

Offload
write

Token

Storag
e array

Actual data
transfer
Intelligent
Storage Array

Storage
array

What Is SMB 3.0?

SMB is network file sharing protocol
SMB protocol versions are backward

compatible
SMB 3.0 features in Windows Server 2012
(R2)
SMB Transparent Failover
SMB Scale Out
SMB Multichannel
SMB Direct (SMB over RDMA)
SMB Encryption
VSS for SMB file shares
Managing SMB file shares by Windows PowerShell

SMB 3.0 is used only if both sides support it

Hyper-V Over SMB

Hyper-V data files stored on network shares
Virtual machine configuration, VHD files,
checkpoints
Hyper-V supports file shares over SMB 3.0 or
newer
File Server and Hyper-V host must be separate
servers

They must be members of the same AD DS domain

Running virtual machine data files can be

deduplicated (VDI)

Reliability, availability, and performance as

a SAN

Uses SMB 3.0 features

Overview of NIC Teaming

Team two or more network adapters
Protects against failures
Provides bandwidth aggregation
Presented as one or more team network adapters
to the operating system
Vendor-independent, supported by Microsoft
Team connection modes
Switch independent
Switch dependent
NIC Teaming in virtual machines
Configured in Server Manager or with

Windows PowerShell

Lab: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V

Role
Exercise 1: Installing the Hyper-V Role
Exercise 2: Configuring Hyper-V Settings
Exercise 3: Accessing and Managing Hyper-V

Remotely
Logon Information
Virtual Machines:
20409B-LON-HOST1
20409B-LON-HOST2
20409B-LON-DC1
20409B-LON-CL1
20409B-LON-CL2
User name:
Adatum\Administrator
Password:
Pa$$w0rd

Estimated Time: 60 minutes

Lab Scenario
Based on the analysis of the current server
environment,
A. Datum Corporation has identified several servers that
can be virtualized on Hyper-V. A. Datum is now ready to
begin a pilot project to implement virtualization in one
of their branch offices.
The first step in the implementation project is to deploy
the Hyper-V hosts in the branch office. Technicians at
the branch office have installed the hardware in the
branch office, and
have installed Windows Server 2012 R2 on the servers.
You
have already configured LON-HOST1 and you now need
to install and configure Hyper-V on LON-HOST2.
Because all of the servers are located in a remote data
center, you will use Windows 8.1 as an administrative

Lab Review
How can you verify if Windows Server 2012
R2 has the Hyper-V role installed?
How can you manage Hyper-V on Server
Core or on Hyper-V Server?
Do you need to store a virtual hard disk
locally if you want to start a virtual machine
from it?
How can you view Windows PowerShell

cmdlets that you can use for managing

Hyper-V host?

Module Review and Takeaways

Review Questions