Laser security Alarm

Vivek kumar verma 15mca1105

Khuman Singh Tomar 15mca1079

VIT university Chennai

Components Used

Inductor
Diodes
Relays
LEDs (Light Emitting Diode)
Capacitors
PCB(Printed Circuit s Block)

Working
As a result, output of comparator remains low. LED and
Buzzer remain off in this state. When a person crosses the
door, laser beam breaks and T1 cease to conduct.
Collector voltage of T1 rises and voltage at pin 3 of
comparator increases and its output becomes high. This
activates LED and buzzer. Capacitor C1 keeps the base of
T2 high for few seconds even after the output of IC555
becomes low again. C2 gives current to the buzzer for few
seconds even after T2 turns off.

Buzzer and Bleeper

These devices are output transducers converting electrical
energy to sound. They contain an internal oscillator to produce
the sound which is set at about 400Hz for buzzers and about 3
kHz for bleepers.
Buzzers have a voltage rating but it is only approximate, for
example 6V and 12V buzzers can be used with a 9V supply.
Their typical current is about 25mA.
Bleepers have wide voltage ranges, such as 3-30V, and they
pass a low current of about 10mA.
Buzzers and beepers must be connected the right way round,
their red lead is positive (+).
An inductor may be connected either way round and no special
precautions are required when soldering.

Relays
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Current flowing through the coil
of the relay creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever and changes the
switch contacts. The coil current can be on or off so relays have two switch
positions and they are double throw (changeover) switches.
Relays allow one circuit to switch a second circuit which can be completely
separate from the first. For example a low voltage battery circuit can use a
relay to switch a 230V AC mains circuit. There is no electrical connection
inside the relay between the two circuits, the link is magnetic and
mechanical.The coil of a relay passes a relatively large current,
typically 30mA for a 12V relay, but it can be as much as 100mA for
relays designed to operate from lower voltages. Most ICs (chips)
cannot provide this current and a transistor is usually used to
amplify the small IC current to the larger value required for the
relay coil. The maximum output current for the popular 555 timer
IC is 200mA so these devices can supply relay coils directly
without amplification.

This laser security alarm is based on

the interruption of Laser beam. A low
cost Laser pointer is used as the source
of light beam. When somebody breaks
the laser path, the alarm will be
generated for few seconds.

Thank You!