Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
1st year
2011 - 2012
3. Literal translation
To translate (a word or) an expression
word for word
We play handball.
Psrile zboar.
4. Transposition
To change a grammatical category.
5. Modulation
To change the point of view, focus or cognitive
category in relation to the ST.
dress rehearsal
repetiie general
take French leave
clear ones throat
as white as a sheet
as old as hills
vechi de cand lumea
She is rather plain.Nu e prea frumoas.
6. (Established) Equivalence
To use a term or expression recognized (by
dictionaries or language in use) as an
equivalent in the TL.
7. Adaptation
To replace a ST cultural element with
one from the target culture.
Baseball
Mmliga
8. Explicitation
To introduce details that are not
formulated in the ST: information,
explicative paraphrasing.
9. Description
To replace a term or expression with
a description of its form or/and
function.
sherry cobbler
butur din vin de Xeres, lmie i
zahr
10. Generalisation vs
11.Particularisation
To use a more general or neutral term
vs
To use a more precise or concrete term.