SUNUM ADI

VoIP

VoIP
Blent Ylmaz

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VoIP

VoIP
- Voice over IP -

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Agenda
Whats VoIP and Basic Architecture
VoIP types
Protocol Stack, Codecs, Soft Clients
ILD Application
VoIP in Turkey (Tariffs, Services, Market)
VoIP and Turkcell
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Whats VoIP ?
Simply, its a voice conversation between two users/subscribers
via an IP network (e.g. Public internet, ISP, private enterprise IP
network)

IP Network

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Basic Network Architecture

Servers

PSTN/PLMN

PSTN/PLMN

Client/
Subscriber

Client/
Subscriber

IP Network
Gateway

Gateway

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Basic Network Architecture

Gateway
Inter-Connection between networks (e.g. PSTN&IP, TDM&IP)
Speech Coding (e.g. G.729,G.723)
Packetization
Echo cancellation

Servers

DB

Call handling (e.g. Set-up, control, signalling, charging etc)

Directory & Database services
Voice Mail , IVR

IP Network
Transport of voice conversations

IP
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Types

PC to PC (free call over Internet)

PC to Telephone (PSTN/GSM)
Telephone to PC (ENUM)
Telephone to Telephone (Network technology)

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A classical voice call ...

PSTN
0212 313 10 00

LEC

TDM

LEC

TDM

MSC

GSM
0532 210 18 83

MSC

A single voice call consumes 64 kb/s bandwidth in TDM network ...

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Types PC to PC (free calls over Internet)

Asia

US

- Dial-Up
- ADSL
- LAN

ISP

Internet
Europe

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Types PC to Telephone (PSTN/GSM)

Inter-connect

PSTN
- Dial-Up
- ADSL
- LAN

ISP/
VoIP Operator
Gateway

PLMN
Click-to-Dial
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Types

Telephone to PC (ENUM)

ENUM

Whos ext
2427 ?

+90 216 458 2427

userA@domain.com

ISP/
VoIP Operator

PSTN/PLMN

User B

Gateway

+90 216 458 1000

User A

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Types Telephone to Telephone (Network technology)

PSTN
LEC

TDM

LEC

MSC

TDM

MSC

GSM

LEC
MSC

LEC
IP

MSC

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Types Telephone to Telephone (IP Telephony)

LAN/WAN (IP)

LAN/WAN (IP)
... bla, bla, bla, bla ....
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Types Telephone to Telephone (IP-PBX)

IP WAN
Router

Router

PSTN

PBX

Router

IP-PBX

IP WAN

PBX

Router

IP-PBX
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Protocol Stack
OSI Layers
Station A

Station B

Application

WWW, E-mail, Voice, Video

Application

Presentation

APIs

Presentation

Session

SSL

Session

Transport

TCP, UDP, SCTP

Transport

Network

IP, IPX

Network

Data-Link

Ethernet, ATM, F/R

Data-Link

Physical

Cable, Wireless, Fibre

Physical

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Protocol Stack
Bla bla
bla ...

Coded Speech
(e.g. G.729, G.723)

8 kb/s, 5.3 kb/s

RTP

12 bytes

UDP

8 bytes

IP

20 bytes

IP Network

12 ~ 14 kb/s

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Protocol Stack

Coded
Speech

Bla bla bla ...

RTP
UDP

Speech Codec
(G.729)

IP

20 ms

20 bytes

12 bytes

8 bytes

20 bytes

Coded
Speech

RTP

UDP

IP

User Data = 20 bytes

Header = 40 bytes

IP Network

Header Compression (IP, cRTP)

Techniques
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Codecs
Codec Type

Data Rate (kb/s)

Delay (ms)

G.711

64

G.729

25

G.723.1m

6,3

67,5

G.723.1a

5,3

67,5

Silence Suppression (%40 ~ %60 gain)

Comfort Noise Generation
Voice Activity Detection
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Soft Clients

www.net2phone.com

What you need ?

www.skype.com

- Internet access

www.dialpad.com

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Advantage(s)

$$$
$$$
Cheap, cheap, cheap ....

$$$

http://www.skype.com/skypeout/help.pricelist.html

https://www.dialpad.com/dialpad/prepaid.php

https://dcs.net2phone.com/account/net2phonedirect/english/rates.asp
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Disadvantage(s)
Voice Quality
Delay
Echo
Delay Variation
Packet Loss

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ILD Application
National Network
(TDM)

International Carrier
(TDM)

National Network
(TDM)

VoIP Carrier
Gateway

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ILD Market

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ILD Market

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ILD Carriers

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VoIP in Turkey

UMTH

Called as UMTH (Uzak Mesafe Tayc Hizmetleri) operators

Licenses released in May, 2004
For 15 years
70 applications, 40 got a license ( 250.000 L/G ?)

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VoIP in Turkey
3 different type licenses
A-type : Carrier pre-selection (subscription based)
B-type : Per call basis (4-digit prefix)
C-type : Pre-paid (0800 calls)

First C-type. A and B require network support, 18 months later

Inter-connect with TT and GSM operators
5 operators already signed inter-connect agreement with TT.
Others objecting to inter-connect rates and unwilling to sign...
More info http://www.telkoder.org.tr/a3-link2.html

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VoIP in Turkey
City/Nation A

City/Nation B
PSTN

UMTH
Operator

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VoIP in Turkey
Example : Call scenario in C-type (Pre-paid app.)
0 811 254 0000

LEC
(PSTN)

PSTN

LEC
(PSTN)

0 252 725 5126

UMTH Operator

-IVR welcome, enter PIN

- Balance check
- Provide dial-tone

DB
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Tariffs
TT
1st rank countries (e.g. US, UK, France, Germany, Holland etc)
230.000 TL/min 275.000 TL/min (depends on tariff package)
http://www.telekom.gov.tr/webtech/default.asp?sayfa_id=25

E-kolay
Germany : 180.000 TL /min
US & UK : 150.000 TL/min

SuperOnline Telekom
US & Germany : 240.000 TL/min
UK : 190.000 TL/min
France : 230.000 TL/min

Atlas Telekom
http://www.atlas.net.tr/bolge/tarifeler.asp
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Tariffs
30.600 TL/min !!!

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Services

Pre-paid calling cards

Internet account
Dialers
Call Shop / Internet Caf
IP Centrex (Out-sourced PBX services)
Voice VPN (short-code dial)
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Services

- Authentication
- Registration
SIP Application
Server

- Session handling

User
DB

BSC

GPRS (IP)

BSC

- Push to Talk
- Multimedia sessions
- Instant Messaging
- Services triggered by Presence information
- Chat, white board, file exchange etc etc
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Market
Pie is about $180200 million
Expectations
Increase in traffic, especially on inter-national calls
Price drops (TT new tariffs...)
Enlargement in telecom sector (Many operators, new job opportunities...)
Diversity in services

Market share of new enterants

National segment : % 24
Inter-national segment : % 35
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Market Shares in Europe (*)

Market Share on
National (%)

Market Share on International (%)

Belgium

15.3

48.5

Rep. Of Czech.

25.0

25.0

Denmark

36.0

47.2

France

21.0

26.0

Germany

40.0

50.0

Greeec

1.75

4.3

Ireland

---

25.0

Italy

24.7

50.0

Norway

24.0

33.0

Poland

27.0

---

9.4

27.2

Spain

18.1

17.2

Sweden

31.0

57.0

Switzerland

29.4

48.6

23.28

35.31

Country

Portugal

AVERAGE

* : OECD Report, 2001

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VoIP and Turkcell

Threats :
CHURN
REVENUE LOST

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VoIP Turkcell
Opportunities :
COST REDUCTION

COMPETITIVE
PRICES/TARIFFS
?

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Excludings ...

Charging
Protocols (SIP, H.323)
Adressing (E.164, URI)
Security
Legal Interception
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ABBREVIATIONS
ADSL

Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line

BSC

Base Station Controller

cRTP

Compressed RTP

GPRS

General Packet Radio Services

GSM

Global System for Mobile Communication

ILD

International Long Distance

IP

Internet Protocol

ISP

Internet Service Provider

IVR

Intelligent Voice Response

LAN

Local Area Network

LEC

Local ExChange

MSC

Mobile Switching Center

OSI

Open System Interconnect

PBX

Private Branch Exchange

PLMN

Public Land Mobile Network

PSTN

Public Switched Telephony Network

RTP

Real Time Protocol

SIP

Sesion Initiation Protocol

TDM

Time Division Multiplex

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

UMTH

Uzak Mesafe Tayc Hizmetleri

VoIP

Voice over IP

VPN

Virtual Private Network

WAN

Wide Area Network

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Thank you ...

BLENT YILMAZ
Maltepe Plaza
TO-CO-NT
bulent.yilmaz@turkcell.com.tr
0532-210 1883
0216-458 2427

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