Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Steven P. Robbins
Mary Coulter
LEARNI NG O UTLI NE
Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Attitudes
Describe the three components of an attitude.
Discuss three job-related attitudes.
Describe the impact of job satisfaction has on employee
behavior.
Copyright 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All
rights reserved.
142
L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (contd)
Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Attitudes (contd)
Explain how individuals reconcile inconsistencies
between attitudes and behavior.
Personality
Contrast the MBTI and the Big Five Model of personality.
Describe the five personality traits that have proved to be
most powerful in explaining individual behavior in
organizations.
Explain how emotions and emotional intelligence impact
behavior.
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L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (contd)
Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Perception
Explain how an understanding of perception can help
managers better understand individual behavior.
Describe the key elements of attribution theory.
Discuss how the fundamental attribution error and selfserving bias can distort attributions.
Name three shortcuts used in judging others.
Learning
Explain how operant conditioning helps managers
understand, predict, and influence behavior.
Describe the implications of social learning theory for
managing people at work.
Discuss how managers can shape behavior.
Copyright 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All
rights reserved.
144
Dual Focus of OB
Individual behavior
Attitudes,
Group behavior
Norms,
Goals of OB
To explain, predict and influence behavior.
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rights reserved.
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Exhibit 14.1
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Absenteeism
The failure to report to work when expected
Turnover
The voluntary and involuntary
permanent withdrawal from
an organization
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Job Satisfaction
The individuals general attitude
toward his or her job
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Employee
Employee
Productivity
Productivity
Absenteeism
Absenteeism
Turnover
Turnover
Organizational
Organizational
Citizenship
Citizenship
Job
Job Satisfaction
Satisfaction
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Psychological Factors
Attitudes
Evaluative statementseither favorable or
unfavorableconcerning objects, people, or events.
Components Of An Attitude
Cognitive component: the beliefs, opinions,
knowledge, or information held by a person.
Affective component: the emotional or feeling part
of an attitude.
Behavioral component: the intention to behave in a
certain way.
Copyright 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All
rights reserved.
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Attitude Surveys
Attitude Surveys
A instrument/document that presents employees with
a set of statements or questions eliciting how they
feel about their jobs, work groups, supervisors, or
their organization.
Provide management with feedback on employee
perceptions of the organization and their jobs.
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Source: Based on T. Lammers, The Essential Employee Survey, Inc., December 1992, pp. 15961.
Exhibit .2
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The
Rewards
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Managers
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Personality
Personality
The unique combination of psychological
characteristics (measurable traits) that affect how a
person reacts and interacts with others.
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Agreeableness
Good-natured,
cooperative, and trusting
Conscientiousness
Emotional Stability
Calm, enthusiastic, and
secure or tense, nervous,
and insecure
Openness to Experience
Imaginative, artistically
sensitive, and intellectual
Responsible, dependable,
persistent, and
achievement oriented
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Machiavellianism (Mach)
The degree to which an individual is pragmatic,
maintains emotional distance, and seeks to gain and
manipulate powerthe ends justify the means.
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Low SEs
Are
Depend
Are
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Can
Low self-monitors
Do
Are
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Self-management:
Self-motivation:
Empathy:
Social
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Investigative
Prefers activities involving
thinking, organizing, and
understanding.
Social
Prefers activities that
involve helping and
developing others.
Conventional
Prefers rule-regulated,
orderly, and unambiguous
activities.
Enterprising.
Prefers verbal activities in
which there are opportunities
to influence others and attain
power.
Artistic.
Prefers ambiguous and
unsystematic activities that
allow creative expression.
Exhibit 14.4
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There
Job
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Perception
Perception
A process by which individuals give meaning (reality)
to their environment by organizing and interpreting
their sensory impressions.
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Exhibit 14.5
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Attribution Theory
Exhibit 14.6
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Self-serving bias
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Stereotyping
Judging someone on the basis of our perception of a
group he or she is a part of.
Halo Effect
Forming a general impression of a person on the
basis of a single characteristic of that person
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Learning
Learning
Any relatively permanent change in behavior that
occurs as a result of experience.
Almost
Learning
The
Theories of learning:
Operant
Social
conditioning
learning
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Learning (contd)
Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner)
The theory that behavior is a function of its
consequences and is learned through experience.
Operant behavior: voluntary or learned behaviors
Behaviors
behaviors.
Behavior
Behavior
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Learning (contd)
Social Learning
The theory that individuals learn through their
observations of others and through their direct
experiences.
Attributes of models that influence learning:
Attentional:
Retention:
Motor
Reinforcement:
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Learning (contd)
Shaping Behavior
Attempting to mold individuals by guiding their
learning in graduated steps such that they learn to
behave in ways that most benefit the organization.
Shaping methods:
Positive
Negative
Punishment:
Extinction:
behavior.
Copyright 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All
rights reserved.
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