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Tank Farm
Crude Unit
Environmental
Purpose of Desalters
by design they
provide clean oil
not clean water
Why Desalt?
Efficient crude oil
desalting is critical to
good corrosion and
fouling control
MgCl2 + 2H2O
Heat
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl
CaCl2 + 2H2O
Heat
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl
Solid Contaminants
dirt
scale
corrosion products
clay, sand
organics
asphaltenes, paraffins
Operational Variables
Desalter Pressure
Wash Water pH
60
40
20
1.0
SALT CONTENT
OPTIMUM
MIXING
PRESSURE
80
BS & W
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
100
END VIEW
DESALTED CRUDE
Transformer Transformer
Transformer
Transformer
LC
Flow Baffle
hot grids
Flow Baffle
LC
DESALTED
CRUDE
Distributor Header
Distributor Header
Mud
Wash
Mudwash
Header
MIX
VALVE
Mudwash
Pump
Raw
Crude
Raw
Crude
WASH WATER
Mix Valve
Wash Water
EFFLUENT WATER
Mud Wash
Header
EFFLUENT
WATER
END VIEW
Grid
Orifice
Plate
Grid
Crude Oil
Emulsion
Demulsifiers
Wetting agents
Polymers
Demulsifier Function
deoil solids
minimize effect of solids on emulsion stability
improve brine quality
feed continuously
Polymer Function
RD 334
RD 334
p
4@7
D 33
pm
RD
10
334@
ppm
m
15pp
@
4
3
RD 3
RD
7p
334@
pm
10
34@
3
D
R
ppm
15
34@
3
D
R
ppm
Fouling prevention
Corrosion control
Unit Performance & Reliability
0.2 mts
3 mts
Wash
water
Probe No3
Probe No5
Wash
water
Probe No 1
Probe No2
Probe No4
Corrosion Control
Aqueous Corrosion
Corrosion Control
Effective Monitoring
Desalter salt removal
Exchanger dP and dT
pH, iron, chlorides in tower overhead condensate
Corrosometer probe readings
Coupon analyses for weight loss
Chemical dosage rates
Crude slate and charge rate
Slop oil charge volume and % of crude charge