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vocabulary effectively?
Question One
What is a realistic goal in
our vocabulary learning?
Listening vocabulary
Reading vocabulary
Productive vocabulary
Speaking vocabulary
Writing vocabulary
Listening vocabulary
contain many common words
contain some technical words
understand them when you hear
do not use all of them in speaking and writing
Speaking vocabulary
can be simple or sophisticated depending on
the audience and the subject to be talked
about
A flexible vocabulary
Frequency
3,000 words most frequently used words
4,000 words
13000 words
Two-stage goal
Stage One
3000 words
Reading, listening, writing & speaking
Stage Two:
4000 words
Reading and listening
Question Two
How can we achieve the
two- stage goal of our
vocabulary learning?
Stage-one goal
Learning 3000 words carefully, patiently
and effectively
What should be learned?
How should these 3,000 words be
learned?
Use ( )
Form
Spoken form
What does the words sound like? (listening)
How is the word pronounced? (speaking)
Written form
What does the word look like? (reading)
How is the word written and spelled? (writing)
Word parts
What parts are recognizable in this word?
What word parts are needed to express the meaning?
Meaning
Form and meaning
What meaning does this word form signal?
Associations
What other words does this make us think of?
Use
Grammatical functions
In what pattern does the word occur?
Collocations
What words or types of words occur with this
one?
experience
n (U). n(C)
v.
experience
ex: out of
perience: tested
Longman dictionary of CE
Experience n
1. Knowledge /skill [U]
[+of/in/with]
previous experience had/gain/get experience
practical experience
first-hand experience
2. Knowledge of life [U]
3. Something that happens [C]
A difficult experience
rewarding/frustrating /valuable/good/
bitter/pleasant
Difficult experiences of my life
That experience was
rewarding/frustrating/painful/valuable
work experience/life experience/business
experience
Teaching experience
Journalistic experience
exercise n.
physical exercise
exercise-book
exercise v.
use sth
Exercise their right to do sth
Exercise some control over
(imagination, restraint, power, patience,
perseverance
Choosing words
Reasons
Impossible to learn all the English words
Too many new words to learn in a text
Choosing strategies
Reasons
Different learning styles
Different proficiency levels
Memorizing
Say the words you are learning
Record the words/phrases you are learning
on tape and play them to yourself whenever
you have time
Write the words you are learning on pieces of
paper or stick-it notes and put them round
your room.
Put the words into sentences.
Use your knowledge of the parts of words.
Using
Create sentences of your own.
Write a story that includes all the words
you have learned.
Learn words for a certain topic or
situation, and then write about the topic
using vocabulary learned or have a
discussion or conversation with a
partner.
Recycling
Follow a news story that is printed or
broadcast every day for several weeks (e.g.
war between Israel and Palestine)
Focus on one type of news story (e.g.
crime, disasters, sports, weather)
Watch movies or read books on particular
topics (e.g. travel, business)
Read several books by the same author
Stage-two goal
Finding short cuts to cope with
the 4000 more words
Importance of vocabulary
strategies
Most vocabulary strategies
applicable to a wide range of
vocabulary and useful at all stages of
vocabulary learning.
Word analysis
Prefix( ), root( ), suffix( )
place (root)
replace (prefix+root)
replacement (prefix+root+suffix)
unwisely
wise (root)
unwise(prefix+root)
unwisely(prefix+root+suffix)
Word analysis
It is the process of separating a word into
its parts and then using the meanings of
those parts to figure out the meaning of
the original word.
Retrospect
Retro: back
spect: look
inspect
inspector
inspection
speculate
speculator
speculation
speculartive
speculator
spectacular
spectacle
Question Three
How do we deal with new
words in reading?
Ignore it
Guess it from the context
Consult a dictionary
Guess it first and then consult a dictionary
Look for clues to meaning in the word
itself
Ask the teacher or a friend for assistance
Question Four
How can we avoid forgetting what we
have learned?
Suggestions
Learn words repeatedly, with increasing
intervals between learning sessions.
Have the words you want to learn with you
whenever you go.
Set aside a regular time for vocabulary
learning
Spend more time on the words you find
difficult.
Suggestion One
Research in psychology shows that we do not
forget things gradually. (See the graph)
Most of our forgetting occurs within 20 minutes
after we have first learned something.
More is forgotten with one hour.
Still more within 8 hours.
After 8 hours, the rate of forgetting stays
surprisingly steady.
Suggestion Two
Make full use of dead time
Vocabulary notebook
An electronic dictionary
Suggestion Three
Regular revision
Daily revision (10 minutes a day)
Weekly revision (One hour a week)
Monthly revision (One hour a month)
Suggestion Four
Spend more time on the words you find
difficult
Go down a list from the first to the last, trying to
memorize each one. Two problems:
The words at the top of the list tend to be remembered
better than the words further down.
Time is wasted on the words that have been learned.
daily
rewarding
frustrating
junior
positive
senior
opportunity
online
technology
participate
virtual
weekly
monthly
daily
rewarding
frustrating
weekly
junior
positive
senior
opportunity
online
technology
participate
virtual
monthly
daily
weekly
monthly
rewarding
frustrating
junior
positive
senior
opportunity
online
technology
participate
virtual
WORD ASSOCIATES
TEST
This is a test of how well you know the
meaning of adjectives that are commonly
used in English.
Each item looks like this:
sudden
beautiful
surprising
quick
thirsty
change doctor
noise
school
1. beautiful
enjoyable education
expensive facemusic
free
weather
loud
2. bright
clever
famous
happy
shining
colour
hand
poem
taste
3. correct
easyfree answer
righttrue dream
enemy
time
4. hard
difficult gas
lowsolid hospital
unkind
moon
work
5. human
coldgreen beings
person bodylife
snowy
season
6. calm
open
quiet
smooth
tired
cloth
day
light
person