Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Reshma S. Magar
Shital M. Talekar
K .T .Patil College of Computer Science (B C S III rd),
Osmanabad.
Dr. BAMU, Aurangabad
Contents:
- Introduction
- History of RFID
_ Defination of RFID
- Components of RFID
-Types of antenna
-Current uses of RFID
-Radio frequency
-RFID frequency range
-Application of RFID
-Role of RFID
Defination :
RFID is a technology
that uses electromagnetic waves to
identify object, animal or people in an
unique manner.
RFID Applications
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Database:
The database system stored information
about RFID tagged object access to both a
reader & its corresponding database are
necessary before information stored on an RFID
tag can be obtained and understood. In the
database also device self information are stored.
Types of antennas:
- antennas can be divided in three groups:
1.Half-wave antennas.
2. Full-wave antennas.
3. Series-loaded, short-loop antennas.
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Low frequency:-
RFID Applications
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Fig: High
frequency scanner
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http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/archive/4/0
RFID Applications
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Frequency
Range
- 125khz -134khz
1cm-1meter
10cm-1meter
3-6meter
10meter-1km
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Frequency
Band
System
Characteristics
Example
Applications
Low
-Short read range
100-500 kHz -Inexpensive
-Access control
-Animal identification
-Inventory control
Intermediate
-Medium read range
10-15 MHz
-Access control
-Smart cards
High
850-950
MHz
2.4-5.0 GHz
-Railroad car
monitoring
-Toll collection
systems
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1.Passive tag
2. Semi-passive tag
3.Active tag
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Passive tags :-
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2)
ISO tag
NO generic standard
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Problem:
2) RFID uses a binary protocol
-Little or no abstraction between software &
hardware.
Solution:
Creates objects that translate high
level function to the binary protocol
Protocol
ISO protocol
TAGLT protocol
I code protocol
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Problem:
3) Two antennas interfere with each other.
-The minimum gap between two antennas is
60 cm (passive tags, 13.65mhz)
Solution:
Interfacing antennas.
- Smart stacking.
- Alternatively stack antennas left & right.
- Use metal foil.
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Problem:
4) Remember the attack surface.
-Tags are the weakest link in your security. never store
prices on the tags.
Solution:
-only use the serial number or the EPC code.
- All sensitive information is stored in a database
server.
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Advantages:1: Efficiency
2: Return on Investment (ROI)
3: Less Vulnerable to Damage
4: Security
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Advantages:-
1: Efficiency
3) Tracking:
High frequency RFID tags are
used to track library books, baggage, ID
tags, warehouse inventory and even credit
cards. American Express has a new service
called Express Pay, featured on the
American Express Blue credit card, which
utilizes RFID technology.
4) Geology:
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5) Automotive:
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Disadvantages
:-
1: Expense
RFID systems are typically more expensive than alternatives such
as barcode systems. While passive tag reading is similar to (and
generally less expensive than) barcode reading, active tags are
costly due to their complexity. Active tags consist of an antenna,
radio transceiver and microchip, increasing the overall cost of an
RFID system.
2: Collision
Tag collision and reader collision are common problems with RFID.
Tag collision occurs when numerous tags are present in a confined
area. The RFID tag reader energizes multiple tags simultaneously,
all of which reflect their signals back to the reader. This results in
tag collision, and the RFID reader fails to differentiate between
incoming data. RFID reader collision results when the coverage
area managed by one RFID reader overlaps with the coverage area
of another reader. This causes signal interference and multiple
reads of the same tag.
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RFID Today :
The practical applications of RFID today are
astounding. Any inventory could be instantly located
in any warehouse, high risk security institutions are
able to keep a constant eye on dangerous offenders,
lost pets can be returned to their owners...the list goes
on.
RFID technology is continuously advancing, and the
very near future will see science fiction become reality
as Radio Frequency Identification makes its way into
everyday functions.
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Conclusion
some great
Advantages over barcodes. Even through the
technology still has not matured , the approtunity
for immediate and dramatic improvement in
customer services & productivity out weigh the
negatives.
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RFID
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