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What is Inflation?
Inflation is defined as a sustained
increase in the general level of prices
for goods and services.
It is measured as an annual
percentage increase.
As Inflation rises, every dollar you own
buys a percentage of a good or
service.
Variations on Inflation
DEFLATION
Is when the general level of prices is falling.
HYPERINFLATION
Is unusually rapid inflation. In extreme cases,
this can lead to the breakdown of a nations
monetary system.
STAGFLATION
Is the combination of high employment and
economic stagnation with inflation.
Types of Inflation
DEMAND-PULL INFLATION
This theory can be summarized as
too much money chasing few goods. In
other words if demand is growing faster
than supply, prices will increase. This
usually occurs in growing economies.
COST-PUSH INFLATION
When companies cost go up , they need to
increase prices to maintain their profit
margins. Increased costs can include things
such as wages, taxes, or increased costs of
imports.
Causes of Inflation
Effects of Inflation
Government Responds to
Inflation
Reducing aggregate demand
Tightening fiscal policy
1. Tightening monetary policy
2. Reducing aggregate supply
Reducing aggregate supply
3. Incomes policies
4. Improving the supply side.
PHILIPPINE INFLATION
RATE (2014)
Region
Dec -14
Region 4A
4.1
Region 3
Region 6
3.9
Region 11
3.9
Region 7
3.8
CAR
3.8
Region 2
3.6
Region 12
3.6
Region 1
3.4
NCR
3.4
Region 13
3.2
Region 9
2.9
Region 4B
2.5
Region 10
2.4
Region 5
2.1
Region 8
1.6
December 2014
Aklan
-0.1
Capiz
2.4
Guimaras
3.8
Iloilo
3.9
Negros Occidental
4.2
Antique
6.0
END.