Jean Piagets

STAGES OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
Lauron, Jahzeel Shayne H.
Braa, Gladie Mary

Stage 1
Sensorimotor Stage (0-2 years)

Children start out in the sensorimotor

stage, which lasts until theyre roughly
2. They have no sense of themselves
as individuals, obviously, and wouldnt
recognize their hand as theirs. They
arent afraid of heights or touching
something hot because they cant
grasp the idea of falling or something
being hotthose ideas are too abstract.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Reflexes (0 to 1 month)
During this substage, the child
understands the environment purely
through inborn reflexes such as sucking
and looking.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Schemes (1-4 months)
This substage involves
coordinating sensation and
new schemas. For example,
a child may such his or her
thumb by accident and
then later intentionally
repeat the action. These
actions are repeated
because the infant finds
them pleasurable.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Procedure (4-8 months)
During this substage, the
child becomes more focused
on the world and begins to
intentionally repeat an action
in order to trigger a response
in the environment. For
example, a child will
purposefully pick up a toy in
order to put it in his or her
mouth.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Intentional Behavior (8 to 12 months)
During this substage, the child starts to
show clearly intentional actions. The child
may also combine schemas in order to
achieve a desired effect. Children begin
exploring the environment around them
and will often imitate the observed
behavior of others. The understanding of
objects also begins during this time and
children begin to recognize certain
objects as having specific qualities. For
example, a child might realize that a
rattle will make a sound when shaken.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Experimentation (12-18
months)
Children begin a period of
trial-and-error
experimentation during the
fifth substage. For
example, a child may try
out different sounds or
actions as
a way of getting attention
from a caregiver.

Substages of Sensorimotor
Stage
Representation (18 to 24 months)
Children begin to develop symbols to
represent events or objects in the world in
the final sensorimotor substage. During this
time, children begin to move towards
understanding the world through mental
operations rather than purely through
actions.

Stage 2
Preoperational Stage (2-6 years)

In the preoperational stage (Piaget

said it lasted from around age 2 until
about 7), kids start being able to grasp
symbols. For instance, they can draw a
series of squares with a triangle on top
to represent a house:

They also start to learn the alphabet, which

is, of course, the set of symbols we use to
read and write.
On the other hand, they dont understand
abstract concepts like amounts, speed, or
weight. In one of Piagets most famous
experiments, he showed that children at this
stage cant comprehend that if you pour
liquid from a short, wide glass into a tall,
narrow glass, its still the same amount:

Stage 3
Concrete Operational (6-12 years)

By the concrete operational stage

(roughly 7-12 years old) kids
comprehend ideas like weight, amount,
and speed, and can understand that
the amount of liquid in the two glasses
is the same:

They can also understand causal

relationships, though not necessarily
explain the reasoning behind them.
Here, the younger kid says what would
happen if you hit a glass with a feather
based on what he knows about feathers,
whereas the older child reasons from the
previous statement and answers
according to the logic proposed (despite
it being obviously inaccurate):

Stage 4
Formal Operational (12 years and
over)

Finally, Piaget said that in the formal

operational stage (after about age 12)
kids can understand abstract concepts
and reason logically. If you ask them
what justice means, they can explain
it. The girl in the last video, who
reasoned from the previous statement
(which had been presented as true),
illustrates formal operational thinking.

Source:
http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/20
09/09/15/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-de
velopment-experiments-with-kids
/