EDU3093 - TEACHER AND

CURRENT CHALLENGES

TIMSS and PISA

SUHER BIN SULAIMAN
MOHAMAD MUZAMMIR BIN MOHAMAD
YUSOF

A brief introduction

GROUP 1,
QUESTION 1

What is TIMSS?

Trends in International Mathematics

and Science Study (TIMSS)
an educational research study on
student achievement in mathematics
and science around the world.
measure and interpret differences in
national educational systems
To improve the teaching and learning of
mathematics and science worldwide

In 1994, TIMSS began the first study in a

regular cycle of studies at four-year intervals
assesses achievement in mathematics and
science at middle primary (Year 4-5) and
lower secondary (Form 2-3)
collects background information on student,
classroom and school contexts through
questionnaires.
an independent international co-operative of
national
research
institutions
and
government
agencies,
International
Association for the Evaluation of Educational
Achievement (IEA) will conduct the test

Fall in Malaysias TIMMs ranking in

Science and Math, 2007 to 2011

Fall in Malaysias TIMMs average score in

Science and Math, 2007 to 2011

Singapore, South Korea and Chinese

Taipei are always on the top of TIMSS
ranking.

Surprisingly Indonesia and Vietnam

gained batter places in TIMSS

Teachers need to find resolution and

solve the problems lingering in our
education systems now.

http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/timss2011

What is PISA?

Programme for International Student

Assessment (PISA)
Organisation for Economic Cooperation
and Development (OECD) will conduct the
test
nations or cities with good schools can
expect a healthy economy, whereas a
nation or city with suffering schools can
expect negative consequences to its
economy

PISA tests critical thinking in math,

science, and reading to 15 year olds
The test questions do not measure
memorization of facts, demand students
draw on knowledge and real-world
problem solving skills (involve HOTS)
PISA tests are administered to 15 year
olds in 65 countries, regardless of grade,
achievement, and socio-economic status
PISA is one indicator of whether school
systems are preparing students for the
global knowledge economy of the 21st
century

The PISA data, collected every three years, is useful on

several levels. It reveals common patterns among high
performing school systems
Malaysia ranked 39 with a mean score of 422 in the
Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) first
assessment on creative problem-solving, while neighbouring
Singapore came out tops with a mean score of 562
Critics have pointed out that the PISA results contradicted
Putrajayas insistence that Malaysia has a world-class
education system
Critics have also questioned the real worth of the Sijil
Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) which produces many students who
scored As, but who can't compete with their peers from
Singapore, China and Taiwan

http://asiasociety.org/education/learning-world

Dismal performances in
recent TIMSS and PISA

What are the contributing factors?

Education in Malaysia obviously based on exam oriented

Pupils did not have the chance to explore and experience

the real life situations and problems for them to solve

Some school really put their effort on how to get more

As pupils than quality of a person.

 Some school did not get the opportunities to use

21st century gadgets or media for the pupils

The approach and method of learning based on

teacher centred and spoon fed

Pupils did not have the urge and drive to gain

knowledge and self learning

PISA question format is different from the format of

the exam in Malaysia which is more direct

teacher priority in complete the syllabus rather to

teach the true concept of knowledge

How could the teacher help to

gained better performance?

Parent Action Group for Education Malaysia (Page)

chairman Datin Noor Azimah Abdul Rahim said the
TIMSS results underscore the urgent need for the
education ministry to re-focus attention on
science education

According to her, Malaysia needs to have deeper

analysis on science education especially on
teaching pedagogy

 Introduce new element innovation and

creativity
with
the
subject
of
entrepreneurship
and
information
communications technology (ICT)
Learning method using 8 Thinking Maps

(iThink). Initiated in 2012 in 10 schools,

and implemented throughout Malaysia in
2014.
Case studies in schools that get excellent

results in PISA 2009. Test results from

these case studies will be shared as best
practice teaching

 Implement the PPPM. This is because the

PISA and TIMSS is a benchmark of student

achievement throughout the world in
Mathematics, Science and Reading.
School level and national examinations will

be modified by adding a number of high

level questions that uses High-Order
Thinking Skills (HOTS)
TIMSS

and
established
thinking
teachers

PISA Task Force must be

to focus on higher-order
skills among students and

Acknowledgement:

http://www.acer.edu.au/timss

http://asiasociety.org/education/learning-wor
ld

http://www.cikguhailmi.com/2014/03/apa-i
tu-ujian-pisa-dan-timss.html

http://www.moe.gov.my/userfiles/file/PPP/
Preliminary-Blueprint-Eng.pdf