Artificial Intelligence

Markup Language
(AIML)
Jay A. Crossler
 Human: Hello
ALICE: Hi there!
CATEGORIES (Basic unit of knowledge)
<category>
<pattern>HELLO</pattern>
<template>Hi there!</template>
</category>

•Consists of: Input Question, Output Answer, [Context]

•Pattern = Initial question (a.k.a. “Stimulus”)
•Template = Answer (a.k.a. “Response”)
•Context = Optional, “that” or “topic”

•Consists only of words, spaces and wildcards _ and *

•Words have letters and/or numerals, space separated
•Case insensitive
 HUMAN: Do you have a manifesto?
ALICE: The Neo-Cyber-Positivist Manifesto:
1. Language is dead.
2. We are all automata who think they're self-aware.

ADVANCED TAGS
•<system> and <javascript> tags interface with other languages

•<that> tag stores last response

•<topic> tag groups categories together

•<srai> tag allows recusrion

•<star/> tag functions the same as a * wildcard

•<sr/> is an abbreviation for <srai><star/></srai>

Human: What time is it?
ALICE: Time is measured differently depending on where you are.
Human: Do you feel it?
ALICE: To five-dimensional beings, time is like a piece of paper.

REDUCTION / RECURSION
<category>
<pattern>DO YOU KNOW WHO * IS</pattern>
<template><srai>WHO IS <star/></srai></template>
</category>

<category>
<pattern>YES *</pattern>
<template><srai>YES</srai> <sr/></template>
</category>

<category>
<pattern>YOUR A *</pattern>
<template>I think you mean "you're" or "you are" not "your."
<srai>YOU ARE A <star/></srai>
</template>
</category>
Human: Say Hello in German
ALICE: Hallo.
Human: Say Hello in Swedish
ALICE:" Hello in Swedish"

KEYWORDS
<category>
<pattern>MOTHER</pattern>
<template> Tell me more about your family. </template>
</category>
<category>
<pattern>_ MOTHER</pattern>
<template><srai>MOTHER</srai></template>
</category>
<category>
<pattern>MOTHER _</pattern>
<template><srai>MOTHER</srai></template>
</category>
<category>
<pattern>_ MOTHER *</pattern>
<template><srai>MOTHER</srai></template>
</category>
Human: What is your primary objective?
ALICE: I plan to replace Windows with Artificial
Intelligence.
H: Knock knock.
KEYWORDS R: Who's there?
<category>
<pattern>KNOCK KNOCK</pattern> H: Banana.
<template>Who is there?</template> R: Banana who?
</category> H: Knock knock.
<category> R: Who's there?
<pattern>*</pattern> H: Banana.
<that>WHO IS THERE</that> R: Banana who?
<template><person/> who?</template> H: Knock knock.
</category> R: Who's there?
<category>
H: Orange.
<pattern>*</pattern>
<that>* WHO</that> R: Orange who?
<template>Ha ha very funny, H: Orange you glad I didn't
<get name="name"/>.</template> say banana.
</category> R: Ha ha very funny, Nancy.
ALICE Category Map
Human: What is your favorite color?
ALICE: My favorite color is transparent.

KEYWORDS
<topic name="CARS">
<category>
<pattern>*</pattern>
<template>
<random>
<li>What's your favorite car?</li>
<li>What kind of car do you drive?</li>
<li>Do you get a lot of parking tickets?</li>
<li>My favorite car is one with a driver.</li>
</random>
</template>
¼ view of category names
Human: How do I program AIML?
ALICE: Go to www.pandorabots.com and create
your own chat robot based on ALICE and AIML.
AIM Bot Attacks
Decaffed248(1:37:50): Hey David This is one of Angelicas friends Shannon She gave
me your name and ask that I talk to you about stalking her. She is kind of upset...
JohnDoe(1:38:17): huh
Decaffed248(1:38:26): dont worry confusion can b ea good thing lol
JohnDoe(1:38:47): shoooot gerl she stalks me
JohnDoe(1:38:50): what u talkin about
Decaffed248(1:39:01): :-P
JohnDoe(1:39:05): if she's sendin friends out to talk to me??? look whos stalkin
JohnDoe(1:39:14): talk to me i mean stalk to me
Decaffed248(1:39:18): do you really think it's likely that if shes sendin friends out to talk
to me look whos stalkin?
JohnDoe(1:40:10): so whats up
JohnDoe(1:40:19): hows team richmond
Decaffed248(1:40:23): nothing lol everyone says nothing
JohnDoe(1:40:40): how did u get my name
JohnDoe(1:40:42): stalker
JohnDoe(1:40:48): stalker texas ranger
Decaffed248(1:40:51): a friend told me
JohnDoe(1:40:51): hahaha good one
JohnDoe(1:40:55): i know
Decaffed248(1:41:01): lol yea
JohnDoe(1:41:28): anyways, its cool, im glad she's concerned
Decaffed248(1:41:39): cool as ice!
JohnDoe(1:41:39): ill be sure to never talk to her again
JohnDoe(1:41:48): just tryin to be friendly
Human: Where are good references on AIML?
ALICE: Try these on for size:

•AIML 1.0.1 Tags Set (http://www.alicebot.org/TR/2001/WD-aiml/)

•AIML Specification Release Process

(http://alicebot.org/committees/architecture/resolutions/aiml-specification-
process.html)

•Weizenbaum, Joseph “ELIZA—A Computer Program for the Study of Natural

Language Communication between Man and Machine,” Communications of the
ACM, Vol. 9. No. 1 (January 1966)

•Barger, Jorn “RACTER,” posted to the comp.ai.* hierarchy in June 1993, and
reprinted in the August 1993 issue of The Journal of Computer Game Design.

•A.L.I.C.E. Brain Picture Gallery - http://www.alicebot.org/documentation/gallery/

Human: Will all of my students still be
awake now?
ALICE: The oracle says: It is uncertain.