COMMUNICATION

by
Prof. Nashwa Radwan
Definition:
• It is a process of exchange of ideas and information
between two persons or more through effective way
to achieve both general and special purpose.
• Communication is a key skill in getting what you
need from life. It is basically the sending and
receiving of messages.
 Component or elements of
communication:
• Communicator (educator): has
especial purpose needed to
achieve.
• Recipient (audience): either
individual or group of
individuals.
• Message: the idea or information
prepared in special method.
• Method of communication used
by the communicator. It differs
according to the message and its
contents.
• Reaction taken by the recipient
towards the message.
• Feed back.
 Requirements of good
educator
• Leadership abilities.
• Efficient personality.
• Popular person.
• Ideal behavior.
• Interest in work.
• Background knowledge of public health psychology and
sociology.
• Know the characteristics of the recipients e.g. their
education, occupation, living conditions, culture.
• Listen carefully.
• Observe carefully.
 Requirements of the
message
• The included data must be correct and
scientifically based.
• The content should not contradict with
traditions and ethics of the community.
• The content must be suitable with the
mental abilities of the recipients (depending
on age, education, culture).
• The content must touch the health needs of
the recipients.
• The message must focus on the lovely
aspect of acceptability.
 Methods of
communication:
Individual method (mouth to
mouth) (two individuals):
– When we take information
from the mother.
– When advice treatment.
– Training of one individual
certain skills.
• Communication in small
groups (3-7 individuals)
e.g. family.
• Communication in large
groups (more than 7
individuals) e.g. school
children, mothers,
occupational workers.
 Face to face
• More attention and attraction.
• More convention.
• Content are more flexible.
• Limited covering.
 Communication
skills:
• Use simple words,
understandable and familiar.
• Use the least number of
sentences in the message.
• Use non-talking messages
carefully e.g. face expression,
hand movement and body
movement.
• Explain and ask questions.
• Talk and take feed back.
• Be sure that the recipient
understands the message.
• Use helping means (aids) e.g.
pictures, figures etc.
Communication skill
 Communication skills
(Cont.):
• Understand feelings of the recipients.
• Listen carefully.
• Observe carefully.
• Do not criticize others.
• Concentrate on and motivate good behavior.
• Be an example for recipients.
• Summarize all information in the
communication process.
• Do not give more than one message at a
time.
 Constraints of
communication:

• Environmental:
– Noise.
– Temperature.
– Humidity.
– Time chosen.
– Place of communication.
 Constraints of
communication (Cont.):

• Individual( either the communicator or the

recipient):
– Culture and social background.
– Personality and experience.
– Sense of fear from different social status.
– Difference in expression and definition.
– Use of non-familiar pictures, litters or figures.
– Bad uses of non-talking messages e.g. face
expression and hand movement.