SOCIAL MOBILITY:

SESSIONS 23-24

1
Social Mobility:
Nature:
A change in ones position in the social hierarchy.
OR
The process of changing ones social class.

The movement of an individual or group of people
from one condition/social class to an other.
o Example:
Son of Carpenter Electrical Engineer
2
Social Mobility:
Causes:
I. Dissatisfaction from previous conditions.
II. Multiplications of socio-economic needs.
III. Industrial & technological development.
IV. Will for progress & drive for status.
V. Improvement in the media of communication.
3
Social Mobility:
Influencing & Resisting Factors:

Influencing Factors:
I. Social change
II. Urban & industrial development
III. Spread of education
IV. Political freedom & sincere leadership
V. The modern economic relations
VI. Migration
4
Social Mobility:
Influencing & Resisting Factors:
Influencing Factors:
vi. Migration:
The movement of people into & out of a specified
territory.
a) Immigration---Coming (into a country) for
settlement.
b) Emigration---Going away (from one country to an-
other) to settle there.

5
Social Mobility:
Influencing & Resisting Factors:

Restricting Factors:
I. Illiteracy
II. Political crisis
III. Economic backwardness
IV. War
6
Social Mobility:
Types:
1) Vertical Mobility:

Movement between different social classes or
status levels of a society.
Involving a gain or loss of class status or prestige.
Upward or downward mobility.
o Example:
Clerk Head Clerk
Primary School Teacher College Lecturer 7
Social Mobility:
Types:
2) Horizontal Mobility:
A change in ones social position without a
corresponding change in ones general position in a
prestige, hierarchy, or social class level.

o Example:
Clerk Clerk
Cashier Cashier






8
Social Mobility:
Types:
3) Geographical Mobility:

The movement of persons from one physical
location to another.
Usually used with reference to a change in
residence.
o Example:
Thatta Karachi
Pakistan Canada
9
Social Mobility:
Types:

Vertical Mobility Horizontal Mobility




Geographical Mobility


10
Social Mobility:
Application Of Social Mobility In Business
Organization:

1) Vertical Mobility:
2) Horizontal Mobility:
3) Geographical Mobility:

o Examples:




11