FINAL YEAR PROJECT PRESENTATION

[P2]
STUDY OF OPTICAL OFDM
PRESENTED BY-
MANGI LAL [101055]
MAYANK JOSHI [101058]
MAYUR NAYAK [101059]
Introduction
The optical transmission system design involves
accounting for different effects that may degrade the
signal during modulation, propagation, and detection
processes. The transmission quality is assessed by the
received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is the ratio
between signal power and noise power at the decision
point.
Optical OFDM
The key idea behind OOFDM is to split a high-data
rate data-stream into a number of low-rate data-streams
that are transmitted simultaneously over a number of
subcarriers. The symbol duration of these low-rate
data-streams is made substantially larger , with a goal
to increase the immunity of a system to residual
chromatic dispersion.
Optical OFDM are mainly classified into two main
categories
1. Coherent detection.
2. Direct detection

Coherent Optical OFDM

Coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) represents the ultimate
performance in receiver sensitivity, spectral efficiency, and
robustness against polarization dispersion, but it requires the
highest complexity in transceiver design.

Usefulness of Optical OFDM
It is used in high speed data transmission such as 4-G
technology.
It exploits optical bandwidth efficiently .
It is suitable for long- haul transmission because of its
ability to deal with large pulse spreads due to
chromatic dispersion.
High speed transmission over multimode optical fibers.
Improvement of the spectral efficiency .
Block Diagram of CO-OFDM



The above block diagram shows the conceptual diagram of a
generic CO-OFDM system, including five basic functional
blocks1: RF OFDM transmitter, RF-to-optical (RTO) up-
converter, optical link, optical-to-RF (OTR) down-
converter, and RF OFDM receiver.

The function of the OFDM transmitter is to map the data
bits into each OFDM symbol, and generate the time series
by inverse discrete Fourier transform including insertion of
the guard interval, and then upconvert to an appropriate RF
frequency to be fed into an optical upconverter.

The function of the optical upconverter is to linearly shift
the OFDM spectrum from the RF domain to the optical
domain.
Mathematical Formulation
The OFDM baseband signal s(t) is represented by the
above equation where

is the

information symbol at
the

subcarrier, f (t) is the pulse waveform of the

symbol,

is the frequency of the subcarrier, and f is the

subcarrier spacing,

and

are the OFDM symbol

period, guard interval length and observation period,
respectively.


=

=1

=
exp 2

= 1/

, = 1/

The field at the output of the optical upconverter is given by
Where
1
= 1

1
= 1

1
= 1

The received optical signal after traversing through total
chromatic dispersion of Dt, can be approximated as

2
1
+
1
+
1
.

=1

()

= (. /(
2
1
))

.
2

where

=

The signal then passes through an optical downconverter, which consists
of a pair of balanced photodetectors. It is very critical to use an OBPF
before the photodetectors to eliminate interference and optical noise.

=
2
1
+
1
+
1
.

=1

Design Progress
In the present research the programming of the OFDM
coder and decoder has been done with MATLAB
software.
These binary data values are mapped to symbols, using
QPSK or one of the 16 QAM techniques.
Performance monitoring is very important feature for
optical systems. Though there exists number of criteria
for monitoring performance of optical transmission
systems.
Performance of channel could be directly determined by
the BER, which is depending upon OSNR, dispersion
and non linear effects. OSNR is very important and
dominant performance parameter.

Simulation Results
This section is reporting simulation results for various
parameters of optical OFDM system.

The cause of occurrence of chromatic dispersion is difference in
group velocities among the different spectral components.
The above graph shows chromatic dispersion which has been
analyzed with reference to wavelength.
Conclusions
Modelling and comprehensive analysis of optical OFDM
transmission has been carried out in the project. The main
conclusions drawn are that the BER value of the QAM
modulator is better than QPSK modulator.
Time Framing :-
P1 :- Basics of OFDM and introduction of Optical
OFDM.
P2 :- Analysis of coherent Optical OFDM.
P3 :- OFDM for multimode fiber system.
P4 :- Comparision of different transmission equipments
of coherent Optical OFDM system.

References
Ivan B. Djordjevic and Bane Vasic Orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing for high-speed optical
transmission May 2006 / Vol. 14, No. 9 / OPTICS
EXPRESS 3774
W. Shieh and C. Athaudage Coherent optical
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
ELECTRONICS LETTERS 11th May 2006 Vol. 42 No. 10
William Shieh and Ivan Djordjevic OFDM for Optical
Communications.
Harsimran Jit Kaur, Maninder Lal Singh Optics and
Photonics Journal, 2013, Modelling and Reporting
Parameters of Optical OFDM System Using Different
Modulation Techniques.