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SYRINGE
the vehicle whereby the contents of the local anesthesia cartridge can be delivered through the needle to the patient
Types of Syringes
Types of Syringes
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Aspirating Syringe
With harpoon or claw attached to the piston that is used to penetrate the thick rubber or silicone stopper of the cartridge -Astra aspirating syringe - Cook-Waite carpule syringe
Self-Aspirating Syringe
obtain required negative pressure for aspiration by means of the elasticity of the rubber diaphragm of the anesthetic cartridge
5.
visible cartridge aspiration with one hand autoclavable rust resistant long lasting with proper maintenance
Non-Aspirating Syringe
justifiable only for application of medicaments into a root canal during endodontic treatment.
Self-Aspirating Syringe
A metal projection is present inside the syringe, which directs the needle into the cartridge. This is where the diaphragm rests
Self-Aspirating Syringe
2.
same as the above mentioned disadvantages feeling of insecurity for sectors accustomed to harpoon-type syringe
Jet Injectors
For needleless injection based on the principle that liquids forced through very small openings called jets at very high pressure can penetrate skin of mucous membrane
Jet Injectors
Delivers calibrated volume of anesthetic solution from 0.05 to 0.2 ml of the solution at 2000 lbs/sq. in. pressure
3.
Does not require the use of needle Delivers very small volume of local anesthetic Used in lieu of topical anesthesia
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3.
Inadequate for pulpal or regional block The jolt may be disturbing to some patients cost
Provides pulpal anesthesia for one isolated tooth, even in the mandibular arch
Encloses the glass cartridge protecting the patient should the cartridge crack or shatter during injection
Employed for I.M. or I.V. injections Used only when a traditional syringe is not available
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Needles
Needles
Made of platinum, stainless steel (most widely used) iridioplatinum alloy or platinumruthenium An alloy of base metals nickel, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten and steel
Needles
Available in many different bevels: short beveled needle is superior to the long tapering bevel for regional analgesia since it is less likely to be defelected from it intended path during insertion
5.
It is rigid enough to be easily guided during insertion It maintains an extremely sharp point It is inexpensive enough to be discarded after use with each patient Breakage rarely occurs if the needle is properly handled It is available in a variety of lengths, gauges and styles
Needle Gauge
A 25-gauge or preferably a 27-gauge is indicated The gauge of needles are indicated by number, with the higher gauge number denoting the smaller diameter of the shaft
Needle Gauge
20 21 22 23 24 25 27 30
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
Needle Length
Long 1 5/8 inch; short 1 inch Should not be introduced more than half or two thirds of its shaft length into the tissuepermits a sufficient length of the needle to protrude from the tissue in case of breakage
Cartridges
Contents are made up of various ingredients that combine to form the anesthetic solution
The anesthetic drug or combination of drugs The vasoconstrictor in various concentrations per milliliter A preservative, usually sodium bisulfite Sodium chloride to make the solution isotonic Distilled water in sufficient volume to equal the desired amount Methylparaben, a germicide, found in some brands of anesthetic solutions
Needle
Pain
Needles
Breakage Bending Changing the direction of the needle while embedded into the tissue Forcing against resistance
Cartridge
Extruded stoppers
Freezing of cartridge Diffusion of sterilizing agent into the cartridge Produces bubbles bigger than the usual 12 mm
Cartridge
Cartridge
Sticky rubber stoppers During cold days Corroded caps & rust on caps Immersion of cartridge to sterilizing solution Breakage of cartridge Occurs at the neck of the cartridge where it joins the cap and also at the area of rubber plunger
Syringe
Surface deposits
Accumulation of debris, saliva and disinfectant solution