GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW

INTRODUCTION
A STEADY NON-UNIFORM FLOW IN A PRISMATIC CHANNEL WITH GRADUAL CHANGES IN ITS WATER SURFACE ELEVATION

THE CHANGES IN THE DEPTH AND VELOCITY OCCUR GRADUALLY OVER A CONSIDERABLE

LENGTH OF CHANNEL.

Slope S0, is classified as :

Mild (M) : yn > yc Steep (S) : yn < yc

Critical (C) : yn = yc
Horizontal (H) : S0 = 0 Adverse (A) : S0 < 0

FLOW ZONE

GVF- PROFILE TYPES

Type of flow profile for gradually varied flow is written with FONT and NUMBER FONT > slope type NUMBER > flow zone

M1 S1 C1 X X

M2 S2 C2 H2 A2

M3 S3 C3 H3 A3

FLOW PROFILE - MILD SLOPE

Dam NDL M1

CDL

Hydraulic jump

Sluice gate M3

M2

FLOW PROFILE STEEP SLOPE

Dam Hydraulic jump S1

S2

CDL NDL

Sluice gate
CDL NDL S3

FLOW PROFILE CRITICAL SLOPE

Hydraulic jump C1

weir

C2

C3

Flow profile - horizontal slope

H2

Sluice gate

H3

FLOW PROFILE ADVERSE SLOPE

A2

CDL

Sluice gate CDL A3