HISTORY of INTERNET

Internet
A communication system that connect computers and computer networks all over the world Also known as:
World Wide Web (WWW) Cyberspace The Net

The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s.
This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to pointto-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching.

1957- the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik I triggering US President Duright Eisenhower to create the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to regain the technological lead-in the arms race
1969- Birth of Internet ARPA began a network called ARPANET that went live in early October, 1969. The first communications were between Leonard Kleinrocks research center at the University of California in LA and Douglas Engelbarts center at the Stanford Research Institute

1971- People communicate over a network A program to send messages across a distributed network was invented- E-mail
1973- US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) initiated a research program to investigate techniques and technologies for interlinking packet network of various kind. This was called the Internetting project and the system of networks which emerged from the research was known as the Internet.

1974- Telenet, a commercial version of ARPANET, opened -- the first public packet data service - Transmission Control Program (TCP) specified. Packet network Intercommunication -- the basis of Internet Communication.
TCP/Internet Protocol Suite -the system of protocols which was developed over the course of this research effort

1976- Networking comes to many. It is exposed to many users worldwide - Queen Elizabeth sends out an e-mail
1977- E-mail takes off, Internet becomes a reality - THEORYNET provides electronic mail to over 100 researchers in computer science - First demonstration of ARPANET/Packet Radio Net/SATNET operation of Internet protocols over gateways

1979- First MUD (Multiuser Dungeon) interactive multiuser sites. Interactive adventure games, board games, rich and detailed databases ARPA establishes the Internet Configuration Control Board (ICCB) - Packet Radio Network (PRNET) experiment starts with ARPA funding. Most communications take place between mobile vans.

1983- Internet gets bigger Large number of nodes. Hard to remember exact paths Use meaningful names instead - Desktop workstations come into being 1984- Growth of Internet continues Number of hosts breaks 1,000 instead of 123.456.789.10 it is easier to remember something like
www.myuniversity.mydept.mynetwork.mycountry ( e.g. www.cs.cf.ac.uk)

1986- Power of Internet Realised 5, 000 Hosts. 241 News groups. NSFNET created (backbone speed of 56 Kbps) NSF establishes 5 super-computing centers to provide high-computing power for all -- This allows an explosion of connections, especially from universities. Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) designed to enhance Usenet news performance over TCP/IP

1987- Commercialisation of Internet Born Number of hosts 28,000 1988- NSFNET backbone upgraded to T1 (1.544 Mbps) - Internet Relay Chat (IRC) developed

1989- Large growth in Internet Number of hosts breaks 100,000 First relays between a commercial electronic mail carrier and the Internet Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) comes into existence under the IAB

1990- Expansion of Internet continues The ARPANET was retired and transferred to the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) - Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Caillian proposed a hypertext system starting the modern Internet

1991- The World Wide Web was launched to the public on August 6 1992- Multimedia changes the face of the Internet - Number of hosts breaks 1 Million. News groups 4,000 - The term "Surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean Armour Polly

1993- The WWW Revolution truly begins

Number of Hosts 2 Million. 600 WWW sites. InterNIC created by NSF to provide specific Internet services directory and database services registration services information services Business and Media really take notice of the Internet. US White House and United Nations (UN) comes on-line. Mosaic takes the Internet by storm

1994- Commercialisation begins Number of Hosts 3 Million. 10,000 WWW sites. 10,000 News groups. ARPANET/Internet celebrates 25th anniversary Local communities begin to be wired up directly to the Internet (Lexington and Cambridge, Mass., USA) US Senate and House provide information servers

1994 Shopping malls, banks arrive on the Internet A new way of life You can now order pizza from the Hut online in the US. First Virtual, the first cyberbank, open up for business NSFNET traffic passes 10 trillion bytes/month

1995- Commercialisation continues apace 6.5 Million Hosts, 100,000 WWW Sites A number of Net related companies go public, with Netscape leading the pack. Registration of domain names is no longer free

1996- Microsoft enters The WWW browser war begins , fought primarily between Netscape and Microsoft, has rushed in a new age in software development, whereby new releases are made quarterly with the help of Internet users eager to test upcoming (beta) versions.

Up to the present, Internet is popular and even children knows it. The internet is useful to everyone because of its advantages and programs. But despite of it, there are also harmful effects of the internet that we can prevent.

Quiz
1. Other names for Internet 2. What satellite did the Soviet Union launch in 1957? 3. Who did Soviet Union trigger to create ARPA? 4. Meaning of ARPA 5. What network did ARPA begin in 1969? 6. When did #5 went live? 7. Between who were the first communications?

8. What program sends messages across a distributed network? When was it invented? 9. What program did DARPA initiate to investigate techniques and technologies for interlinking packet network of various kind? 10.The system of protocols which was developed over the course of this research effort. 11.When did WWW was launched? 12.What term did Jean Armour Polly coin in 1992?

13.Tim Berners-Lee and ___________ proposed a hypertext system starting the modern Internet. 14.What offers/new features arrive in the Internet on 1994? 15.When did Microsoft enter internet?