THE EBULLIENT

PRESENTS
A Presentation on

GREENHOUSE

EFFECT

Introduction
Greenhouse gases:

Greenhouse gases are those gases that contributes to the warming of the Earth's atmosphere by reflecting radiation from the Earth's surface. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Earth; without them, Earth's surface would be about 33 C (59 F) colder than at present. Greenhouse gases are those that can absorb and emit infrared radiation. In order, the most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are:

water vapor (H2O) carbon dioxide (CO2) methane(CH4) nitrous oxide (N2O) ozone (O3)

Natural Greenhouse
Earth is much colder than the sun, but it is warmer than the space outside its atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere is made up of gases, and these gases allow some solar radiation to reach the planet but also absorb some of the heat radiating from the planet, trapping it and radiating it back downward to the surface. This cycle is called the greenhouse effect, because it is similar to the warming process inside a glass-walled greenhouse. Earth's atmosphere traps enough heat to keep the entire planet warm; without it, the average temperature of the Earth's surface would be much colder than the freezing point of water, about 0 degrees Celsius.

What is artificial greenhouse ??

A greenhouse is a house made of glass. It has glass walls and a glass roof. People grow tomatoes ,flowers and other plants in them. A greenhouse stays warm inside, even during winter. Sunlight shines in and warms the plants and air inside. But the heat is trapped by the glass and can't escape. So during the daylight hours, it gets warmer and warmer inside a greenhouse, and stays pretty warm at night too. Due to artificial greenhouse people can grow plants in the off season too.

Greenhouse Effect

Greenhouse Effect, the capacity of certain gases in the atmosphere to trap heat emitted from Earths surface, thereby insulating and warming the planet. The greenhouse effect has warmed Earth for over 4 billion years. Now scientists are growing increasingly concerned that human activities may be modifying this natural process, with potentially dangerous consequences.

Ozone Layer Depletion: A cause of increasing Greenhouse Effect

Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s: a steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (the ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth's polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole.

Causes of Ozone Layer Depletion

Solutions to Ozone Layer Depletion

Heating effect of greenhouse gases makes existence of life is possible in earth.

Protects the plants and gives them new lives and along with maintaining Earths average temperature it also protects the existing bio-diversity.

Yellow tundra flower

BUT..

Disadvantages of accumulation of greenhouse gases

a) Increase in Earths average temperature b) Rise in sea level c) Melting of snow, glaciers d) Extinction of various plants and animal species e) Struggle for existence

Ref:NRC,2006

GLOBAL WARMING.

CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING

Unmanaged garbage Increasing Automobiles

Deforestation

Pollution

Industrialization

Effects of Global Warming

Global warming has adverse effects on all aspect of environment and ecosystem.

Solutions

Melting of Glaciers

Causes of melting of Glaciers

FROM THE ABOVE INDICATIONS, WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT THE RISE IN SEA LEVEL WOULD CERTAINLY LEAVE MANY PEOPLE HOMELES!!

Solutions

a. Relationship between health and greenhouse effect b. Causes of health degradation c. Effects on health

Depletion of Human health

Degradation of environment

Increase in green house gases

When theres a change in Environment, the health of People gets directly affect due to imbalance in various natural cycles. When the natural cycles are disturbed due to accumulation of greenhouse gases, the environment gets polluted. Along with that, the peoples health gets directly and inversely affected.

Increase in Earths temperature increases vaporization which creates shortage of water and the consumption of the polluted water causes diseases Use of high amount of chemicals fertilizers to increase soil fertility harms the health of organisms Increased temperature disrupts natural cycles and creates difficulty in adaptation. This affects the overall health of people.

Survival of wildlife, plants becomes difficult and many species die Various new diseases infect living beings, plants Hunger and starvation due to less productivity of land causes malnutrition Various deformities is seen in various species Difficult in adaptation due to change in temperature

Future Consequences

THEN..............

NOW..........

 Reduce the use of materials which produce greenhouse gases. Avoid the burning of fossil fuel and household residue. Upgrade infrastructures. Afforestation. Using alternative sources of energy. Using eco-friendly materials. Incineration plant should be established. Pollution should be controlled

Solutions to increasing Greenhouse effect

Solutions to Greenhouse effect

Roles of students in minimizing the effects of increasing Greenhouse effect

Forming local level student union to increase student participation in environment conservation . Conducting Afforestation programs, especially in urban areas to restore greenery. Including students from all over the world from different ecological regions so that protection campaigns can be made much more effective.

A real activist is not the one who says that the river is dirty but the one who cleans the river.

Qn.1)What is greenhouse effect? What would happen if there were no greenhouse gases at all in the atmosphere?

Ans: The phenomenon of increasing the temperature of the earth

surface due to the radiations trapped by the greenhouse gases is called the greenhouse effect. If there were no greenhouse gases at all, the average temperature of the earth would have been 39 C less than todays temperature. Due to this, ice would cover the earth surface which would make survival of living organisms impossible.

Qn. 2) What is greenhouse gases? Write two advantages of greenhouse effect.

Ans: The gases which are responsible for

trapping the radiations emitted by the sun to cause greenhouse effect are known as greenhouse gases. For e.g. CFC, H2O,CO2,CH4 etc. Any two advantages of greenhouse effect are: a) Sustains life on earth b) Maintains the average temperature of earth

1.Nitrous oxide (N2O), Laughing gas Ans: The sources of this gas are: -Artificial Soil Fertilization -Mobile/Stationary Sources of Fossil Fuel -Combustion -Livestock Manure 2.Chlorofluoro carbons (CFCs) Ans: The sources of this gas are: -From air conditioners -From refrigerators -From aerosols

3) Carbon dioxide Ans: The main sources of CO2 are: 1)Burning of organic matter 2)Power generation 3)Transportation 4)Burning of fossil fuels 5) Deforestation
4)Methane Ans: The main sources of Methane are: 1)Organic matter when decomposes in the absence of Oxygen 2)Wetlands 3)Rice-plantations 5)During extraction and transport of natural gas

Qn. 4) What is artificial greenhouse? Write its two advantages.

Ans: The house which is made from glasses in botanical garden to

increase the inside temperature is called artificial greenhouse. Any two advantages of artificial greenhouse are: a)We can grow off seasonal crops. b) Tropical plants can be grown in other higher regions.

Qn.5 )In artificial greenhouses, summer vegetables can be grown even in winter. How?

Ans: In an artificial greenhouse, the radiations coming from the sun

can pass inside through the transparent glass but these radiations cannot escape out. As a result, the temperature inside a greenhouse is a lot more warm than the external surrounding temperature. So, this temperature is suitable growing the summer vegetables even in winter.

Qn. 6)Write three main causes of greenhouse effect.

Ans: Three main causes of

greenhouse effect are: a) Cloud formation b) Ozone layer depletion c)Production of greenhouse gases

Qn. 7) Statistical data shows that the average temperature in Nepal is increased by 0.06 C every year. Write one main cause and one effect of it in Nepal.

Ans: The main cause of increase in the average temperature is:

a) Deforestation and unmanaged urbanization The main effect of this in context of Nepal is: b) Melting of large amount of ice in the upper Himalayan region

Qn.8)Write any two effects of increase in quantity of greenhouse gases in atmosphere.

Ans:

Any two effects of increase in quantity of greenhouse gases in atmosphere are: a)Melting of glaciers b)Alter in habitation and ecosystem

Qn. 9)Do acid rain and natural disasters occur due to accumulation of greenhouse gases produced by industries?

Ans: Yes, acid rain and natural disasters like flood occur due

to accumulation of greenhouse gases produced by industries. When theres a change in the climatic condition, rainfall pattern and evaporation rate increases. This is likely to lead to intense rainfall . Hurricanes ? will be more frequent and strong which may cause flooding as well.

Qn. 10)How do greenhouse gases cause global warming?

Ans: The accumulation of greenhouse

gases prevent the return of solar radiations from the earth which causes the rise of temperature of the earth surface which leads to global warming.

Qn. 11 ) Write three ways to reduce greenhouse effect.

Ans: Any three ways to reduce the accumulation of

greenhouse gases in atmosphere are: a) Afforestation b) Decrease in use of fossil fuels c) Use of eco-friendly products

Qn. 12)Differentiate between natural greenhouse and artificial greenhouse.

Natural greenhouse
a) b)

Artificial greenhouse
a) b)

It is created naturally. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the solar radiations to warm the earth. It occupies a large area. It creates the heating effect in the whole earth.

It is created by humans. The transparent glass allows the radiations to pass through and traps the radiations by not letting them escape. It occupies a relatively small area. It creates the heating effect only in a certain specified area.

c)

c) d)

d)

Human, Oh, human Please do something. A little effort, a little care Put on a little effort and there will not be heat everywhere. There are not many forests, There are not many trees, Green house effect, Oh stop it please!!!! Stop littering, stop polluting Stop throwing rubbish into the sea; The oceans are dying, The earth is crying!!!! Save the planet, Save it please

We would like to heartily thank the Science department especially Mr. Chintamani Panthee for assigning such a informative project work. While doing this, we realized that we ,humans are the main cause of accumulation of greenhouse gases. Yet instead of realizing our mistakes were busy putting the blame on others. We have made a promise that we will do whatever we can and also motivate others to work on this field. What about you?

So once again Thank

you