Presented by:

Tooba Imlak

Why Is Lighting Important Basic Lighting Terms

Lighting Design Considerations

Different Methods Of Calculation

Light plays an essential role in our ability to perceive the world around us; the lighting system plays a critical role in how we perceive a space and can even influence how we act in that space. Lighting can affect performance, mood, morale, safety, security and decisions.

LIGHT LUMINOUS FLUX

LUMINOUS INTENSITY
ILLUMINANCE LUMINANCE

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be perceived by the eye. Region of visible light extends from 380 to 760 nanometers

Quantity of light emitted by a light source. Unit is in lumen, LM.

Quantity of light radiated to particular direction, radiated per unit angle (Steradian) Unit of luminous intensity is one lumen per Steradian (Candela)
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Quantity of luminous flux falling on a unit area of surface. E=F/A , unit is lux

Luminance or Brightness is a luminous intensity of a surface in a given direction per unit of projected area of the surface. Unit of luminance is cd /m or lumen/ m.
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Amount Of Light Required In Lux (Lu/m ) Lumen Output Of Lamps And Fixtures Lu Energy Efficiency Efficacy In Lumens/Watt Color Rendering Index Cri Color Temperature In Kelvin Type Of Light Sources Lighting Quality
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Acceptable minimum standards of light levels are set by the Illuminating Engineers Society (IES). For Example:

Corridors, Passage ways: Stairs, Lifts: Kitchen: Restaurants: Parking Areas: General Offices: Theatre & Concert halls:

100 Lux 150 Lux 500 Lux 300 Lux 30 Lux 500 Lux 100 Lux
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One of the most important considerations in selecting a light source is how much light it will generate. Two measurements are needed because, like most devices, lamps lose some light output over their rated life

INITIAL LUMENS Initial lumens is a term defined as the amount of light output from a lamp when it is new. MEAN LUMENS Any light source will decrease in light output the longer it is operated. To properly light a facility for the useful life of a lamp, an "average" lumen output is calculated known as mean lumens.
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The efficacy of a lamp refers to the number of lumens leaving the lamp compared to the number of watts required by the lamp (and ballast).

It is expressed in lumens per watt.

The Higher The Lumen Per Watt Rating Of A Lamp The Better - Meaning Greater Light Output For A Fixed Wattage Input.

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It measures the degree that perceived colors of objects, illuminated by a given light source, conform to the colors of those same objects when they are lighted by a reference standard light source.

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The higher the color rendering index, the less color shift or distortion occurs.

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This is a measurement of "warmth" or "coolness" provided by the lamp, expressed in Kelvins. People usually prefer a warmer source in lower illuminance areas, such as dining areas and living rooms, and a cooler source in higher illuminance areas, such as grocery stores. A "Warm" color light source actually has a lower color temp.
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Incandescent High-pressure Sodium Compact Fluorescent Full-size Fluorescent Mercury Vapor Metal Halide LED
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There are important factors with respect to lighting quality . Some of them are discussed here:

Glare, Uniformity of Illuminance Color Rendition ( as discussed above)

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Glare is a sensation caused by luminance in the visual field that are too bright. Discomfort, annoyance, or reduced productivity can result.

Glare can be reduced by not exceeding suggested light levels and by using lighting equipment designed to reduce glare. For eg lens or louver. proper fixture placement can reduce reflected glare on work surfaces or computer screens

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The uniformity of illuminance is a quality issue that addresses how evenly light spreads over a task area.

Inadequate light levels in some areas Visual discomfort when tasks require frequent shifting of view from under lit to over lit areas Bright spots and patches of light on floors and walls that cause distraction and generate A low quality appearance

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Manual Calculation Method

Software Such as DIALUX, CALCULUS & RELUX

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Calculation by Lumen Method:

The average illuminance produced by a lighting installation or the number of luminaries required to achieve a specific average illuminance, can be calculated by means of utilization factors. The average illuminance E, over a reference surface s can be calculated from the "LUMEN METHOD" formula. E = ___F x n x N x MF x UF.___ Area of Surface (S)
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E = ___F x n x N x MF x UF.___ Area of Surface (S)

where: F is the initial bare lamp flux (lumens) n is the number of lamps per luminaire N is the number of luminaires

Uf, is the utilization factor for the reference surface (s)

MF is the maintenance factor (Dirty: 0.7, Normal: 0.8, Clean:0.9)
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 A Software Project Launched By Dial GmbH It Started In 1994 In Dial, Ludenscheid, Germany Lighting Design Tool Which Is Continually Updated And Adapted To

The Requirements Of The Planners

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