Presentation on Industrial Training at

210 MW Shiddhirganj Thermal Power Station

ME-370

210 MW Shiddhirganj Thermal Power Station

Training Participants:
Md. Jubayer Hossain(0510077) Shuvra Banik(0510094) Aminul Islam Khan(0510117) Sudarshan Chandra Saha(0510119) Md. Shoeb Hasan(0510130)
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Overview of the plant

Plant name: Shiddhirganj 210 MW Thermal Power Station Site of the plant: Shiddhirganj, Narayanganj Plant capacity: 210 MW Area of the power plant: 88.56 acre Plant efficiency: 36%

Steam power plant energy conversion

Boiler

Boiler capacity (Superheated steam): 670 t/h Reheat steam flow rate: 580 t/h Superheated steam temperature: 545 C Reheat steam temperature at boiler outlet: 540 C Feed water temperature: 247 C Boiler efficiency: 93%
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Turbine

Nominal capacity of the turbine: 210 MW Number of cylinder: 03 Total number of stage: 29 Number of extraction: 7 Frequency of rotor rotation: 3000 r.p.m Steam consumption of turbine at full load: 638.1 t/h
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Generator
Power output: 210 MW Power factor: 0.85 Stator voltage: 15.75 5% KV Excitation voltage: 430V Phase: 3 Frequency: 50 Hz Stator cooling media: Demi-water Rotor cooling media: Hydrogen
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Simplified line diagram of 210 MW STPS

Description of boiler
It is the steam generation unit of the plant It transfers the heat energy of the combustion of fuel to the water It consists of a boiler drum, mountings and accessories

Water circulation in boiler

Feed pump sends demi water to the boiler drum through economizer Heat produced by combustion converts demiwater into steam Difference of density between steam and water creates a natural circulation in the downcomer riser 10 circuit.

Boiler mountings
These are the fittings, which are mounted on the boiler for its proper and safe functioning Different mountings: Water level indicator Pressure gauge Safety valve Steam stop valve Feed regulating valve Blow off cock Steam regulating valve

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Boiler accessories
These are devices which are used as integral parts of a boiler, and help in running efficiently. Different accessories: Feed water pump Superheater Economizer Air preheater Reheater
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Steam flow in heater

Fig: Flow diagram of steam in superheater

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Air preheating

Fig: Air preheater

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Description of turbine
It consists of 3 cylinders: 1. High pressure cylinder 2. Intermediate pressure cylinder 3. Low pressure cylinder Number of stages are 29

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Turbine of bearing

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Steam sealing in turbine

Fig: Labyrinth Seal

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Turning gear
Used during starting and shut down It rotates the turbine shaft at 2-3 r.p.m It prevent thermal stresses developed due to non-uniform cooling
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Generator
A generator consists the following parts: Stator winding (conductor) Rotor (magnet) Stator core

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Cooling system of generator

Two coolants are used: Water and Hydrogen Stator winding is water cooled Rotor and stator core are hydrogen cooled Minimum hydrogen pressure required is 3 kgf/cm2 Hydrogen purity is maintained 99.9 % Regulating valve always maintain 0.8kgf/cm2 pressure difference between water and hydrogen
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Maintenance sequence in generator

Since hydrogen is explosive in contact with air, to avoid this hazard the following sequence is followed during maintenance During Opening:
1. Hydrogen out 2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) in 3. When the percentage of CO2 is reached to 99100 %, air is introduced and CO2 gets out. 4. Open the generator
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 During closing:
1. Air out 2. CO2 in 3. When percentage of CO2 is reached to 99100%, hydrogen is introduced and CO2 gets out 4. When hydrogen purity reached to 99.9%, generator is closed

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Unit protection system

Two type of protection system are used in 210MW STPS. These are
Electrical protection system Technical protection or process protection

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Start-up of 210 MW unit

The following starting sequences are followedStart circulating water pump(CWP) Fill the deaerator Fill the boiler drum Fire the boiler Start the turning gear Check the steam condition Speed up the turbine Then gradually increase temperature and pressure which will take higher load
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Shut down
Before shut down load is cut down to 70 MW. Then switch off. After shutting off, turning gear runs for about 72 hours at 3rpm.

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Condenser
It is a shell and tube type condenser Cooling water passes through the tube and steam passes outside the tube The number of tubes are more than 12000 The inside temperature is 45oc It works at a pressure lower than atmosphere. It is 0.1kgf/cm2(-0.9kgf/cm2)

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 Ejector pump is used to vacuum the condenser The working principle of the ejector pump is based on venturi meter (Bernoulli's principle)

Fig: Vacuum creating principle

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Deaerator
It removes the dissolved gas from the feed water The feed water is heated to saturation temperature by the steam extracted from the turbine to remove the dissolved gas

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Description of pumps
Vacuum pump
Vacuum pump is used to create vacuum to bring the syphon come into action. There are two vacuum pumps One runs and another remains standby
Fig: Vacuum pump

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Circulating water pump(CWP)

There are 3 circulating water pumps, two of them are running and one remains standby They supply water to water treatment plant, firefighting units and they supply water to all the place where cooling is necessary
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Syphonic action and water supply to CW pump

Fig: Water supply to CW pump

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Other pumps
Drip/Drain pump Technical water pump Gas cooling pump Raw water pump Oil pump Emergency oil pump Sealing oil pump Condensate water pump
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Description of HP/LP Heater

They raise the temperature of feed water before it enters the economizers. There are seven feed water heaters LP heater works at around 13.6-16kgf/cm2 pressure HP heater works at a pressure of around 182185kgf/cm2

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Water treatment plant

Maintaining good feed water is an important and fundamental aspect of any steam turbine power plant. A plant that maintains good feed water achieves the following three benefits:
1. Help to ensure maximum life 2. Reduce maintenance expenses 3. Maintain optimal thermal performance
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Impurities of natural water

Dissolved gases Hardness salts Non-hardness forming salts Suspended matters

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Water treatment process

Raw water Clarifier Mechanical filter

An-ion exchanger

Decarbonizer

Cat-ion exchanger

Mixed bed filter

Treated water
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Chemical reactions at different stages

Clarifier Al2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(HCO3)2 = Al(OH)3 + CaSO4 + CO2 Cat-ion exchanger HR + CaSO4 = CaR2 + H2SO4 HR + CaCl2 = CaR2 + HCl Regeneration of HR CaR2 + H2SO4 = CaSO4 + HR An-ion exchanger ROH + H2SO4 = R2SO4 + H2O ROH + HCl = RCl + H2O Regeneration of ROH R2SO4 + NaOH = ROH + Na2SO4
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THANK YOU

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