CHNG 4: GHEP NI

H THNG VI X LY
Pham Th Duy
ptduy@yahoo.com

GHEP NI H THNG VI X LY
Gii thiu v b nh.
Ghep ni vi x ly vi b nh

Cac thut ng v b nh

Dung lng

T chc b nh

Cac ng ia chi - Address lines

Cac ng d liu - Data lines

Tc / inh thi: Speed / Timing

Kbit, Mbit, Gbit

Thi gian truy cp - Access time

Kha nng ghi d liu - Write ability

ROM

RAM

Cac loai b nh ROM

Mask Rom

PROM OTP

EPROM UV_EPROM

EEPROM

Flash memory

Cac loai b nh RAM

SRAM

DRAM

NV-RAM

SRAM CMOS

Internal lithium battery

Control circuitry to monitor Vcc

Cac vi mach nh - Memory Chip

8K SRAM
to be specific:

8Kx8 bits SRAM

A0

I/O0

A1

I/O1

A2
A3

I/O2
I/O3

A4
A5
A6

I/O4
I/O5
I/O6

A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12

I/O7

OE
WE
CS1
CS2

6264

S khi 6264

Bang m ta hoat ng cua 6264

Vi mach nh ROM 2764

8K EPROM
Dung lng:

8Kx8 bits EPROM

A0

Q0

A1

Q1

A2
A3

Q2
Q3

A4
A5
A6

Q4
Q5
Q6

A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12

Q7

G
P
C
VPP

2764

S khi 2764

Chip enable
Output enable

Cac ch hoat ng

Lp trinh cho 2764

Sau khi xoa bng en tia cc tim UV-EPROM):

Tt ca cac bit trong M2764A co mc 1.
Chi co mt cach duy nht bin bit 0 thanh 1 la bng
en tia cc tim (ultraviolet light erasure)
Ch lp trinh c chon khi:
VPP cp 12.5V
E va P co mc thp TTL
Cp d liu ti cac chn d liu, ia chi ti cac chn
ia chi va cp xung lp trinh.

Cac chn tin hiu cua 8088

MN / MX

AD0

READY

AD1
AD2

CLK

AD3

RESET

AD4
AD5

TEST

AD6
AD7

HLDA
A8
HOLD
NM I

A9
A10
A11
A12
A13

8088

A14
A15
A16 / S3
A17 / S4
A18 / S5
A19 / S6
SSO
DEN
DT / R
IO / M
RD
WR
ALE

INTR

INTA

Cac chn ngun va GND

Vcc chn 40
Gnd chn 1 va 20

Cac chn ia chi - Address Pins

AD0..AD7
A8..A15
A19/S6, A18/S5, A17/S4, A16/S3

Cac chn d liu - Data Pins

AD0..AD7

Cac chn iu khin - Control Pins

MN/MX (input)
Cho phep chon ch 9o65 hoat ng cua CPU
MIN mode: cu hinh ti thiu khng co ng x ly
MAX mode co ng x ly toan hoc
READY (input)
Khi tac ng mc thp CPU se chuyn qua trang
thai ch trong cac chu ky truy cp BUS.
CLK (input)
Cung cp xung inh thi c ban cho CPU
RESET (input)
CPU k thuc trang thai hoat ng hin hanh
Cn gi mc cao trong it nht 4 chu ky clock

Cac chn iu khin - Control Pins

TEST (input)

HOLD (input)

Khi cung cp mc cao CPU se ngng hoat ng

cho ti khi ht mc cao.
Ngo vao yu cu DMA t DAM controller

HLDA (output)

Ngo ra chp nhn yu cu DMA.

Cac chn iu khin ngt - Control Pins

INTR (input)

INTA (output)

Ngo vao yu cu ngt - Interrupt request

Ngo vao chp nhn yu cu ngt - Interrupt
Acknowledge

NMI (input)

Ngo vao yu cu ngt khng che c

Non-maskable interrupt

Cac chn iu khin b nh va vao ra

Memory/IO Control Pins

DEN (output)
Data Enable cho phep d liu
Tac ng mc thp khi CPU truy cp d liu bn ngoai
DT/R (output)
Data Transmit/Receive Truyn nhn d liu
Khi tac ng mc cao, chiu truyn d liu t vi x ly ti
b nh/vao ra.
Khi tac ng mc thp, CPU oc d liu t b nh hoc
vao ra.
IO/M (output)
Input Output/Memory
Khi truy cp I/O CPU tac ng tin hiu nay mc cao
Khi truy cp b nh CPU tac ng tin hiu nay mc thp

Cac tin hiu iu khin b nh va vao ra

RD (output)

WR (output)

Khi oc d liu t ngoai vao CPU tac ng tin hiu

nay mc thp
Khi ghi d liu ra ngoai CPU tac ng tin hiu nay
mc thp

ALE (output)

Address Latch Enable cho phep cai ia chi

CPU cung cp tin hiu nay mc cao cai cac d
liu qua cac b cai.
Khi mc cao cac ng AD0..AD7, A19/S6,
A18/S5, A17/S4, A16/S3 la cac tin hiu ia chi.

Tin hiu xung ng h - Clock Signal

Cung cp CPU inh thi cac hoat ng
va ng b cac tin hiu cua chung.
Cn cp vao xung vung co tn s khng
i va tt nht co 2/3 chu ky nhim vu.

8086 Signals

B cung cp cac tin hiu Clock, Reset va Ready

5V

MN / MX
R

RES

X1

RESET

X2

OSC

AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7

READY
CLK
RESET
TEST
HLDA

F/C
PCLK

8284

A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15

HOLD
NM I

EF1
CSYNC

8088

RDY1
CLK

A16
A17
A18
A19

AEN1

RDY2
READY

/
/
/
/

S3
S4
S5
S6

SSO

AEN2

DEN
DT / R
IO / M

ASYNC

INTR

RD
WR
ALE
INTA

Minimum Mode

DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

A15 - A8

8088
A19/S6 - A16/S3

ALE
RD
IO / M
WR

Minimum Mode

DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

A15 - A8

8088
A19/S6 - A16/S3

ALE
RD
IO / M
WR

Minimum Mode

D7 - D0
DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

A15 - A8

MEMORY

8088
A19/S6 - A16/S3

ALE
RD

RD

IO / M
WR

WR

inh thi oc b nh va vao ra cua CPU 8088

Processor Timing Diagram of 8088 (Minimum Mode) for Memory or I/O Read
T1

T2

T3

T4

CLOCK
__

DT/R
ALE
AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0

A15 - A8
A19/S6 - A16/S3

D7 - D0 (from memory)

A15 - A8

A19 - A16

S6 - S3

__

IO/M
____

RD
______

DEN

if I/O ACCESS this is HIGH, if MEMORY ACCESS this is LOW

Will the circuit be able to perform

memory read?
;assume that initially the values
;of the registers are:
;BX = 1234, DS = 9000
MOV AL, [BX]

Processor Timing Diagram of 8088 (Minimum Mode)

for Memory or I/O Read
T1

T2

T3

T4

CLOCK
__

DT/R
ALE
AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0

A15 - A8
A19/S6 - A16/S3

D7 - D0 (from memory)

A15 - A8

A19 - A16

S6 - S3

__

IO/M
____

RD
______

DEN

if I/O ACCESS this is HIGH, if MEMORY ACCESS this is LOW

Minimum Mode
D7 - D0
DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

A15 - A8

MEMORY

8088
A19/S6 - A16/S3

ALE
RD

RD

IO / M
WR

WR

Minimum Mode
D7 - D0
DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

D7 - D0
GND

A15 - A8

A19/S6 - A16/S3

RD

OE
LE

OE
LE

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

Q7 - Q0

MEMORY

74LS373

D7 - D4
D3 - D0

GND
ALE

74LS373

D7 - D0
GND

8088

OE
LE

Q7 - Q0

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
RD

IO / M
WR

WR

Octal Transparent Latch with 3-State Output

D0

Q0

D1

Q1

D2

Q2

D3

Q3

D4
D5

Q4
Q5

74LS373

D6

Q6

D7

Q7

OE
LE

inh thi oc b nh va vao ra cua CPU 8088

Processor Timing Diagram of 8088 (Minimum Mode) for Memory or I/O Read
T1

T2

T3

T4

CLOCK
__

DT/R
ALE
AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0

A15 - A8
A19/S6 - A16/S3
A19 - A0
from 74LS373 to memory

D7 - D0 (from memory)

A15 - A8

A19 - A16

S6 - S3

A19 - A0 from 74LS373

__

IO/M
____

RD
______

DEN

if I/O ACCESS this is HIGH, if MEMORY ACCESS this is LOW

H thng se hoat ng nh t nao khi oc bo nh

Will the circuit be able to perform memory read?

;Gia s cac gia tri cua cac thanh ghi la:
;BX = 1234, DS = 9000
MOV AL, [BX]

inh thi oc b nh vi cac b cai 74373

Processor Timing Diagram of 8088 (Minimum Mode) for Memory or I/O Read (with 74373)
T1

T2

T3

T4

CLOCK
__

DT/R
ALE
AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0

A15 - A8
A19/S6 - A16/S3
A19 - A0
from 74LS373 to memory

D7 - D0 (from memory)

A15 - A8

A19 - A16

S6 - S3

A19 - A0 from 74LS373

__

IO/M
____

RD
______

DEN

if I/O ACCESS this is HIGH, if MEMORY ACCESS this is LOW

Ch MIN - Minimum Mode

D liu se c oc ghi nh th nao?

D7 - D0

DEN
DT / R

AD7 - AD0

D7 - D0
GND

A15 - A8

A19/S6 - A16/S3

RD

OE
LE

OE
LE

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

Q7 - Q0

MEMORY

74LS373

D7 - D4
D3 - D0
GND

ALE

74LS373

D7 - D0
GND

8088

OE
LE

Q7 - Q0

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
RD

IO / M
WR

WR

Ch MIN - Minimum Mode

A7 - A0
DEN
DT / R

E
DIR

AD7 - AD0

A15 - A8

A19/S6 - A16/
S3

RD

OE
LE

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

Q7 - Q0

MEMORY

74LS373

D7 - D4
D3 - D0

GND
ALE

OE
LE

Q7 - Q0

74LS373

D7 - D0
GND

8088

OE
LE

D7 - D0

74LS245

D7 - D0
GND

B7 - B0

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
RD

IO / M
WR

WR

inh thi oc b nh cua 8088 trong ch MIN (co 74245)

Processor Timing Diagram of 8088 (Minimum Mode)
for Memory or I/O Read (with 74245)
T1

T2

T3

T4

CLOCK
__

DT/R
ALE
D7 - D0

D7 - D0 (from memory)

from memory to 74LS245

AD7 - AD0

A7 - A0

A15 - A8
A19/S6 - A16/S3
A19 - A0
from 74LS373 to memory

garbage

D7 - D0 from
74LS245

A15 - A8

A19 - A16

S6 - S3

A19 - A0 from 74LS373

__

IO/M
____

RD
______

DEN

if I/O ACCESS this is HIGH, if MEMORY ACCESS this is LOW

Minimum Mode
A7 - A0
DEN
DT / R

E
DIR

AD7 - AD0

A15 - A8

A19/S6 - A16/
S3

RD

OE
LE

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

Q7 - Q0

MEMORY

74LS373

D7 - D4
D3 - D0
GND

ALE

OE
LE

Q7 - Q0

74LS373

D7 - D0
GND

8088

OE
LE

D7 - D0

74LS245

D7 - D0
GND

B7 - B0

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
RD

IO / M
WR

WR

Minimum Mode
A7 - A0
DEN
DT / R

E
DIR

AD7 - AD0

A15 - A8

OE
LE

A19/S6 - A16/
S3

ALE
RD

OE
LE

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

Q7 - Q0

MEMORY

74LS373

D7 - D4
D3 - D0
GND

Q7 - Q0

74LS373

D7 - D0
GND

8088

OE
LE

D7 - D0

74LS245

D7 - D0
GND

B7 - B0

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
RD

IO / M
WR

WR

Minimum Mode
A7 - A0
DEN
DT / R

E
DIR

AD7 - AD0

OE
LE

D7 - D0

D7 - D0

74LS245

D7 - D0
GND

B7 - B0

Q7 - Q0

74LS373

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

A7 - A0
A15 - A8
A19 - A16

D7 - D0
ch 8088 A15 - A8 m i
BUS
aQ7 - Q0
d
OE
li u trong
MINGND-Simplified
Drawing of
8088ch
LE 74LS373
8088 Minimum Mode
A19/S6 - A16/
S3

D7 - D4
D3 - D0
GND

ALE
RD

OE
LE

B nh
MEMORY

Q7 - Q4
Q3 - Q0

74LS373
MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

IO / M
WR

Minimum Mode
D7 - D0

D7 - D0

A19 - A0

A19 - A0

ch 8088
m
i
BUS a
d li u
trong ch
MIN
Simplified
Drawing of
8088 Minimum
Mode

B nh
MEMORY

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

When Memory is selected?

Minimum Mode

220 bytes or 1MB

D7 - D0

D7 - D0

A19 - A0

A19 - A0

Simplified
Drawing of
8088 Minimum
Mode

MEMORY

M EM R

RD

M EM W

WR

CS

inh vi b nh trong khng gian ia chi 1MB

What are the memory locations of a 1MB (220 bytes) Memory?
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Vi du: 34FD0
0011 0100 1111 1101 0000

Giao tip b nh 1MB vi vi x ly 8088

Interfacing a 1MB Memory to the 8088 Microprocessor
AX

3F1C

FFFFF

36

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

FFFFE
FFFFD

25
19

:
:

:
:

CS
SS
DS
ES

XXXX
XXXX
2000
XXXX

20023
20022
20021
20020

13
7D
12
29

:
:

:
:

10008
10007
10006
10005
10004
10003

8A
F4
07
88
42
39

10002
10001
10000

27
98
45

:
:

:
:

00001

95

00000

23

BP
SP

XXXX
XXXX

SI
DI

XXXX
XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
:
A0

A19
:
A0

D7
:

D7
:

D0

D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

CS

Thay vi giao tip vi b nh 1MB, iu gi se xay ra

nu s dung b nh 512KB
Instead of Interfacing 1MB, what will happen if
you interface a 512KB Memory?
AX
BX
CX
DX

3F1C
0023
0000
FCA1

CS
SS
DS
ES

XXXX
XXXX
2000
XXXX

BP
SP

XXXX
XXXX

SI
DI

XXXX
XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7
:
D0

D7
:
D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

CS

7FFFF
7FFFE
7FFFD
:
:
20023
20022
20021
20020
:
:
00001
00000

36
25
19
:
:
13
7D
12
29
:
:
95
23

B nh 512KB se c inh vi nh th nao?

What are the memory locations of a 512KB
(219 bytes) Memory?
A18 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
9876

AAAA
1111
5432

AAAA
1198
1000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

0000

0000

0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Giao tip mt b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX

3F1C

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
2000

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
A18
:
A0

Chung ta lam gi vi A19?

A18
:

7FFFF
7FFFE

36
25

A0

7FFFD

19

:
:

:
:

20023

13

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

:
:

:
:

00001
00000

95
23

D7
:

D7
:

D0

D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

CS

iu gi xay ra khi oc ia chi vt ly A0023?

AX

3F1C

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
A000

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
A18
:

A18
:

7FFFF
7FFFE

36
25

A0

A0

7FFFD

19

:
:

:
:

20023

13

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

:
:

:
:

00001
00000

95
23

D7
:

D7
:

D0

D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

CS

iu gi xay ra khi oc ia chi vt ly A0023?

A19 to
A0
(HEX)
A0023

AAAA
1111
9876
1010

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

0010

0011

A19 khng c ni ti b nh vi vy
nu 8088 a ra logic 1 hay khng b
nh u khng nhn c

iu gi xay ra khi oc ia chi vt ly 20023?

A18 to
A0
(HEX)
20023

AAAA
1111
9876
0010

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

0010

0011

Vi b nh ia chi 20023H cung khng

khac gi ia chi A0023H

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX

3F1C

A19

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7

D7

:
D0

:
D0

MEMR
MEMW

RD
WR
CS

CS
SS

XXXX
XXXX

DS
ES

2000
XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

7FFFF

36

7FFFE
7FFFD
:

25
19
:

20023
20022
20021

13
7D
12

20020
:
00001
00000

29
:
95
23

7FFFF

12

7FFFE
7FFFD
:

98
2C
:

20023
20022
20021

33
45
92

RD
WR

20020
:
00001

A3
:
D4

CS

00000

97

A18
:
A0
D7
:
D0

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

Xay ra: Tranh chp BUS. Hai b nh
se cung cung cp d liu ra D7-D0
tai cung mt thi im khi vi x ly
thc hin chu ky oc b nh. Nu
hai d liu nay khac mc logic se
gy h hong BUS.
Giai phap: S dung A19 lam b
chon. Nu A19=1 b nh phia trn
se c chon va ngc lai.

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX

3F1C

A19

BX

0023

A18

CX

0000

DX

FCA1

A0

A0

D7

D7

CS

XXXX

SS

XXXX

DS

2000

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

7FFFF

36

A18

7FFFE

25

7FFFD

19

20023

13

20022

7D

20021

12

20020

29

D0

D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

00001

95

CS

00000

23

7FFFF

12

A18

7FFFE

98

7FFFD

2C

20023

33

20022

45

20021

92

20020

A3

RD

WR

00001

D4

CS

00000

97

A0
D7

:
D0

Vi tri cua hai b nh trong vung ia chi 1MB

A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

80000

1000

0000

0000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX
BX
CX
DX

3F1C
0023
0000
FCA1

CS
SS
DS
ES

XXXX
XXXX
2000
XXXX

BP
SP

XXXX
XXXX

SI
DI

XXXX
XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7
:
D0

D7
:
D0

MEMR
MEMW

RD
WR
CS

Khi
mt
KhiP
P cp
cp mt
ia
ia
gia
chi chi
nmnm
gia khoang
khoang
ti
80000 ti0000
FFFFF,
7FFFF,
b se
nh
b nh nay
c
nay
se c
chon.
chon.

A18
:
A0
D7
:
D0
RD
WR
CS

7FFFF
7FFFE
7FFFD
:
20023
20022
20021
20020
:
00001
00000

36
25
19
:
13
7D
12
29
:
95
23

7FFFF
7FFFE
7FFFD
:
20023
20022
20021
20020
:
00001
00000

12
98
2C
:
33
45
92
A3
:
D4
97

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX

3F1C

A19

7FFFF

36

BX
CX

0023
0000

A18
:

A18
:

7FFFE
7FFFD

25
19

DX

FCA1

A0

A0

D7

D7

:
20023

:
13

CS
SS

XXXX
XXXX

:
D0

:
D0

20022
20021

7D
12

DS
ES

2000
XXXX

MEMR

RD

20020
:

29
:

MEMW

WR
CS

00001
00000

95
23

7FFFF

12

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

A18
:

7FFFE
7FFFD

98
2C

IP

XXXX

A0

:
20023

:
33

20022
20021

45
92

RD

20020
:

A3
:

WR
CS

00001
00000

D4
97

D7
:
D0

Giao tip hai b nh 512KB vi vi x ly 8088

AX

3F1C

A19

A19

7FFFF

36

BX
CX

0023
0000

A18
:

A18
:

A18
:

7FFFE
7FFFD

25
19

DX

FCA1

A0

A0

A0

D7

D7

D7

:
20023

:
13

CS
SS

XXXX
XXXX

:
D0

:
D0

:
D0

20022
20021

7D
12

DS
ES

2000
XXXX

MEMR

RD

RD

20020
:

29
:

MEMW

WR

WR
CS

00001
00000

95
23

7FFFF

12

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

A18
:

7FFFE
7FFFD

98
2C

IP

XXXX

A0

:
20023

:
33

20022
20021

45
92

RD

20020
:

A3
:

WR
CS

00001
00000

D4
97

D7
:
D0

iu gi se xay ra khi bo b nh phia di?

AX

3F1C

A19

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
2000

D7

D7

:
D0

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

7FFFF

36

7FFFE
7FFFD
:
20023

25
19
:
13

:
D0

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

00001
00000

95
23

7FFFF

12

7FFFE
7FFFD
:

98
2C
:

20023
20022
20021

33
45
92

20020

A3

RD

WR
CS

00001
00000

D4
97

A18
:
A0
D7
:
D0

iu gi se xay ra khi bo b nh phia di?

AX

3F1C

A19

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
2000

D7

D7

:
D0

ES

XXXX

MEMR
MEMW

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

Khi Pthe
When
cpP
ia
outputs
chi
an address
trong
khoang
between
t
80000 ti
00000
to FFFFF,
7FFFF,
this memory
khng
co b nh
is nao
selected
c
chon.

7FFFF

36

7FFFE
7FFFD
:
20023

25
19
:
13

:
D0

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

RD

WR
CS

00001
00000

95
23

Giai ma u va giai ma thiu

Giai ma u

Khi s dung tt ca cac ng ia chi cua CPU

kt ni chon b nh va vao ra

Giai ma thiu.

Khi mt hoc nhiu ng ia chi cua CPU

khng c s dung.
Khi giai ma thiu mt nh co th co nhiu
ia chi.

Giai ma u
AX

3F1C

A19

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
2000

D7

D7

:
D0

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

7FFFF

36

7FFFE
7FFFD
:
20023

25
19
:
13

:
D0

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

00001
00000

95
23

Giai ma u
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

80000

AAAA
1111
9876
1000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

A19 cn phai bng 1 b nh c

chon

Giai ma u
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Do o nu VXL cp cac ia chi t

00000 ti 7FFFF, thi A19 co logic 0,
b nh se khng c chon.

Giai ma thiu
AX

3F1C

BX
CX
DX

0023
0000
FCA1

CS
SS
DS

XXXX
XXXX
2000

ES

XXXX

BP

XXXX

SP

XXXX

SI

XXXX

DI

XXXX

IP

XXXX

A19
A18
:

A18
:

7FFFF
7FFFE

36
25

A0

A0

7FFFD

19

:
:

:
:

20023

13

20022
20021
20020

7D
12
29

:
:

:
:

00001
00000

95
23

D7
:

D7
:

D0

D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR

CS

Giai ma thiu
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

80000

1000

0000

0000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Gia tri cua A19 khng quan trong vi b nh, no

khng quyt inh b nh co c chon hay khng

Giai ma thiu
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

80000

1000

0000

0000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

ia chi truy cp

Giai ma thiu
A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000

AAAA
1198
1000
0000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000

AAAA
1111
9876
0000

0000

0000

7FFFF

0111

1111

1111

1111

1111

80000

1000

0000

0000

0000

0000

FFFFF

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

ia chi truy cp

Giao tip vi hai b nh 512KB

A19

8088
Minimum
Mode

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7

D7

:
D0

:
D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

512KB
#2

A18
:
A0
D7
:
D0
RD
WR
CS

512KB
#1

Giao tip vi 1 b nh 512KB

A19

8088
Minimum
Mode

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7

D7

:
D0

:
D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

512KB

Giao tip vi 1 b nh 512KB (version 2)

A19

8088
Minimum
Mode

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7

D7

:
D0

:
D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

512KB

Giao tip vi 1 b nh 512KB (version 3)

A19

8088
Minimum
Mode

A18
:
A0

A18
:
A0

D7

D7

:
D0

:
D0

MEMR

RD

MEMW

WR
CS

512KB

A17
:

Giao tip vi 04 b nh 256 KB

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
A19
A18

CS

A17

A17

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

256KB
#4

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#3

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#2

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

256KB
#1

A17
:

Giao tip vi 04 b nh 256 KB

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
A19
A18

CS

A17

A17

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

256KB
#4

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#3

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#2

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

256KB
#1

Ban inh vi tri cho cac chip nh

A19 to
A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
5432
0000
1111

AAAA
1198
1000
0000
1111

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

00000H
3FFFFH

AAAA
1111
9876
0000
0011

0000
1111

0000
1111

-----

0100
0111

0000
1111

0000
1111

0000
1111

0000
1111

A17
:

Giao tip vi 04 b nh 256 KB

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
A19
A18

CS

A17

A17

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

256KB
#4

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#3

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#2

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

256KB
#1

A17
:

Giao tip vi 04 b nh 256 KB

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
A19
A18

CS

A17

A17

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

256KB
#4

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#3

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

256KB
#2

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

256KB
#1

A17
:

Giao tip vi 04 b nh 256 KB

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
A19
A18

I1
I0

O3

A17

CS
A17

A0
D7

A0
D7

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

256KB
#4

D0
RD
WR
O2

256KB
#3

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
O1

256KB
#2

CS
A17
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
O0

CS

256KB
#1

Giao tip vi cac b

nh 8KB

A12
:

A19
A18
A17
A16
A15
A14
A13

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#?

CS

A12

:
:

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#2

CS
A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

8KB
#1

Giao tip vi 128 b

nh 8KB

A12
:

A19
A18
A17
A16
A15
A14
A13

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#128

CS

A12

:
:

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#2

CS
A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

8KB
#1

A12
:

Giao tip vi 128 b

nh 8KB

A19
A18
A17
A16
A15
A14
A13

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#128

CS

A12

:
:

A0
D7
:

D0
MEMR
MEMW

8088
Minimum
Mode

A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR

8KB
#2

CS
A12
:

A0
D7
:

D0
RD
WR
CS

8KB
#1

Ban b nh
A19
to A0
(HEX)

AAAA
1111
9876

AAAA
1111
5432

AAAA
1198
1000

AAAA
7654

AAAA
3210

-----

----

----

----

----

----

-----

----

----

----

----

----

74LS138: B giai ma 3- 8
S chn
Logic Diagram
Select
Inputs

A
B
C

138
Enable
Inputs

E1
E2
E3

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Outputs

Bang hoat ng cua 74LS138

Xp tng cac 74LS138 tng s

ng giai ma.
74138

tac ng mt ngo ra vi mt
trang thai nhi phn go vao.
Co th xp tng cac 74138 tng
s ng giai ma cho h thng.
Chu y trn mi tn tin hiu se co thi
gian tr lan truyn. iu nay co th
lam anh hng ti inh thi hoat
ng cua h thng.

Xp tng cac 74138

SEL0

A13
A14
A15

A
B
C

138
E1

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

SEL1

SEL5

E2
E3
Logic
High

A0
A1
A2

SEL7

A
B

A
B

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

OUT A000
OUT A001

IN

A002

IN

A003

IN

A004

IN

A005

E2

IN

A006

E2

OUT A006

E3

IN

A007

E3

OUT A007

E1

MEMW

A0
A1
A2

A000
A001

138

Logic
High

IN
IN

MEMR

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

138
E1

Logic
High

OUT A002

OUT A003
OUT A004
OUT A005

Cac b giai ma hin ai

Giai

ma trn cac mainboard may

tinh thng s dung cac chip giai
ma thng dung hoc cac PLD.
Cac b giai ma thng dung nh
74138.