HOLOGRAPHIC MEMORY

Presented by
Amit Thaper 411021 5th sem.

Contents
Introduction What is Holographic Memory? Holographic Versatile Disc COMPONENTS The HVD System: Writing Data The HVD System: Reading Data Holographic Data Security Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) Multiplexing Applications of Holographic Memory Advantages of Holographic Memory Disadvantages of Holographic Memory

Storage devices
These device for storing information and portable . The memory is of two types; one is the primary memory and the other one is the secondary memory.

Some example of storage devices : CDS, DVDs, magnetic tape

Storage devices
Currently data access times are extremely slow for magnetic disks when compared to the speed of execution of CPUs so that any improvement in data access speeds will greatly increase the capabilities of computers.
A CD can hold 783 megabytes of data. A double-sided, double-layer DVD can hold 15.9 GB of data, which is about eight hours of movies.

What is Holographic Memory?

Holographic memory is a three-dimensional data storage system that can store information at high density inside the crystal or photopolymer. holographic data storage systems is based on the principle of holography. Data from more than 6000 CDs can fit into a holographic memory System.

Holographic Versatile Disc

These discs have the capacity to hold up to 3.9 terabyte (TB) of information, which is approximately 6,000 times the capacity of a CD-ROM, 830 times the capacity of a DVD, 160 times the capacity of single-layer Blu-ray-Discs, and about 8 times the capacity of standard computer hard drives as of 2007. The HVD also has a transfer rate of 1gigabyte/s

COMPONENTS
Most holographic storage systems contain some components b asic to the setup. These are :a) Laser Beam b) Beam Splitters to split the Laser Beam c) Mirrors to direct the Laser Beam d) A liquid crystal Display panel(SLM) e) Lenses to focus the Laser Beam f) Recording Material g) CCD cameras

The HVD System: Writing Data

When the blue-argon laser is focused ,a beam splitter splits it into two beams ,a reference beam and a signal beam .

The signal beam passes through a SLM where digital information , organized in a page like format of ones and zeroes, is modulated onto the signal beam as a two dimensional pattern of brightness and darkness.
When the two beams meet, the interference pattern that is created stores the data that is carried by the signal beam on to the surface of the holographic material as a hologram.

The HVD System: Writing Data

The HVD System: Reading Data

In order to retrieve and reconstruct the holographic page of data stored in the crystal, the reference beam is shined into the crystal at exactly the same angle at which it entered to store that page of data.

HVD Compares With Other Storage Device

Blu-ray HD-DVD HVD
Approx. $120

Initial cost for Approx. $18 Approx. $10 recordable disc

Initial cost for Approx. recorder/player $2,000

Approx. $2,000

Approx. $3,000

Initial storage capacity Read/write speed

54 GB 36.5 Mbps

30 GB 36.5 Mbps

300 GB - 3.9 TB 1 Gbps

Holographic Data Security

TECHNIQUE OF STORING DATA ON A HOLOGRAPHIC MATERIAL

Two type of use for storing data on a HVD Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) Multiplexing

Spatial Light Modulator (SLM)

Spatial light modulator is used for creating binary information out of laser light. The SLM is a 2-D plane, consisting of pixels, which can be turned on and off to create 1s and 0s. An SLM can usually be refreshed at rates of about 1000 frames per second

Multiplexing
Angular multiplexing By modifying the angle of a source beam, large amount of data is stored in the volume. Wavelength multiplexing Alters the wavelength of source and reference beams between recordings . Spatial multiplexing Changing the point of entry of source and reference beams into the recording medium .

Applications of Holographic Memory

Data Mining : Retrieval of data is very fast and storing large a mount of data in a single disk. Petaflop computation : performs thousand trillion floating po int operations per second. Holographic memory can be used as an extended DRAM with 10ns access time.

Advantages of Holographic Memory

1. Resistance to damage - If some parts of the medium are damaged, all information can still be obtained from other part.
2. Efficient retrieval - All information can be retrieved from any part of the medium. 3. High storage capacity of 3.9 terabyte(TB) 4. While reading data the entire page of data can be retrieved quickly and at one time . 5. Backward compatible, supports CDs and DVDs also.

Disadvantages of Holographic Memory

Manufacturing cost of HDSS is very high. There is a lack of availability of resources which are needed to produce HDSS. Writes in the same fashion can previous writes in the same region of the medium. degrade