A switch mode power supply(SMPS or simply switcher ) is an electronic power supply that acts as a switching regulator in order to be highly

efficient in the conversion of electrical power.

An SMPS transfer from a source like the electrical power grid to a load like personal computer.

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4.

Flyback SMPS Feedforward SMPS Pushpull SMPS Bridge SMPS

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A.C. input first converted into unregulated D.C. which is turned in chopped by the switching element operating at rapid rate.

The resultant pulse train is transformer coupled to a output network which gives final rectification .

There are mainly five stages in working of SMPS

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2)
3) 4) 5)

Input rectifier and filter stage. Inverter chopper. Output transformer. Output rectifier and filter. Control and Feedback.

There are mainly five stages in working of SMPS

This block convert the AC supply voltage to a pulsating DC,which is then filtered out to reduce the amount of ripple contents. Power diode and capacitors are used in this section.

The second stage is inverter chopper or high frequency switching section & it uses MOSFET or BJT to convert the DC voltage to a high frequency AC square wave.

So it is a two stage conversion i.e. The input AC supply voltage is first rectified to DC and then high frequency section changes it back to AC. Reason :1) Input supply always fluctuating that can damaged the solid state component. Higher frequency provide higher conversion efficiency.

It Steps-up or Steps-down the voltage to the required voltage level. The output of transformer is input of second rectifier section called OUTPUT RECTIFIER SECTION.

The rectifier section is different from the first block of the rectifier section that the frequency of voltage is very high.

The last section of the SMPS is the control and feedback block , which contains circuitry that provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) output signal.

 Personal computers.
Printers. Video Games.

Telecommunication Circuit.
Battery Power system. Motor and Industrial control System.

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SMPS can be used as replacement for linear regulators. When higher efficiency , smaller size & lighter weight are required. The SMPS can operate under low input AC voltage. All the out put are stabilized & protected against open and short circuit condition at the load terminals.

They are more complicated. 2. Their switching current can cause electrical noise problem if not carefully handled.
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3. Simple design may have poor power factor. 4. The control circuitry is expensive , quite complex and

less reliable.