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LECTURE#10
MOSFET Symbols
drain
gate source body gate source
drain body
or
drain
A circle is sometimes used on the gate terminal to show active low input
or
drain
gate source
body
gate
body source
n-channel MOSFET
p-channel MOSFET
MOSFET FAMILY-TREE
MOSFET Operation
Output current (Drain current-ID) in a MOSFET is controlled by the gate-source voltage VGS. VGS controls the thickness of the channel
In depletion MOSFET, conduction channel is physically implanted (rather than induced), so channel conducts even if VGS=0. If value of VGS is positive, channel is further enhanced (more free electrons are attracted to the channel, conductivity increases). If value of VGS is negative, free electrons are repelled, conductivity of the channel is decreased, phenomenon known as channel depletion. If value of VGS becomes sufficiently negative, all of the free electrons in the channel will be repelled; thus channel is completely depleted! A channel that is completely depleted cannot conduct. In other words, the depletion MOSFET is in cutoff! Negative value of VGS at which the channel is completely depleted is the threshold voltage Vt for a depletion mode . In other words, to have a conducting channel, VGS must be greater than the threshold voltage Vt: (VGS >Vt)
E-MOSFET operation
Transfer characteristic
Power MOSFET is a specific type of MOSFET designed to handle large amounts of power. Power MOSFETs are majority carrier devices, so they perform better in high frequency applications where switching power losses are important. Power MOSFETs can withstand of high current and voltage without undergoing destructive failure due to second breakdown (BJT case). Power MOSFET are based on isolated gate, that makes it easy to drive with minimum of power requirement. Power MOSFETs main advantages are high commutation speed, superior switching speed and good efficiency at low voltages. Power MOSFETs major drawback is on-resistance RDS (on) and its strong positive temperature coefficient. At high breakdown voltages (>200V) the on-state voltage drop of the power MOSFET becomes higher Power MOSFET is the most widely used as a low-voltage (i.e. less than 200V) switch mode power-supply (SMPS) converter applications. It can be found in most power supplies, DC to DC converters, and low voltage motor controllers.
POWER MOSFET
Source
n
Gate
Source
p+
Lateral Structure
Vertical Structure
MOSFET: Summary
A majority-carrier device: fast switching speed Typical switching frequencies: tens and hundreds of kHz On-resistance increases rapidly with rated blocking voltage Easy to drive The device of choice for blocking voltages less than 500V 1000V devices are available, but are useful only at low power levels (100W)