CHAPTER ONE - Reaching Out: Our Social Responsibility

Lesson One: Getting to Know the Program

Objectives

At the end of the chapter the students shall have:

Identified and understood the different kinds of laws and their implications to the development of the human person and society

Realized the meaning and importance of nationalism and patriotism in nation building Developed a sense of being MAKABAYAN, MAKATAO, MAKADIYOS, and MAKAKALIKASAN as they immerse themselves in the community.

1. The Law, its Definition and Characteristics

A rule of being or conduct established by authority able to enforce its will; a controlling regulation; the mode or order according to which an agent or power acts

The binding rule of conduct which serves to give shape and direction to our freedom (Michael Pennock)

Not all laws are good

There are really laws which are not really beneficial to the greater majority of our people

Not all good laws are properly promulgated and implemented

St. Thomas Aquinas: Law is an ordinance of reason promulgated by competent authority for the sake of the common good

Characteristics of a Good Law

Reasonable

It should be within the framework of our rationality They must be properly implemented

Promulgated

Promulgated by competent authority

People who are duly authorized in policy making As good citizens, it is our responsibility to see to it that:

Laws are properly implemented by proper authorities without reservation or consideration to those who are few and powerful

Common Good

Intended for all regardless of ones status in life Good laws must take into consideration the rights of the majority especially those who cannot defend themselves

Classification of Laws

Natural Law

Which is written and engraved in the mind of every man; for it is human reason itself, commanding to do right and forbidding sin (Maningas)

Natural Law

Is the law of human conduct which serves for human nature as ordered to its ultimate natural end and which is recognized by the natural light of reason (Henry Peschke, Christian Ethics)

Basic Human Rights

Human Rights Principles

Universality and Inalienability

All People every where in the world are entitled to human rights

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity in rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1)

Human Rights Principles

Indivisibility

Human rights are inherent to the dignity of every human person All human rights have equal status, and cannot be positioned in a hierarchical order

Human Rights Principles

Interdependence and Interrelatedness

The fulfillment of one right depends wholly or in part, upon the fulfillment of others.

Fulfillment of the right to health may depend on fulfillment of the right to development, to education, or to information

Human Rights Principles

Equality and Non-Discrimination

All individuals are equal

As human beings By virtue of the inherent dignity of each human person

Human Rights Principles

Participation and Inclusion

All people have the right to participate in and access information

Relating to the decision-making process

That affects their lives and well-being

Human Rights Principles

Accountability and Rule of Law

States and other duty-bearers are answerable for the observance of human rights. Individuals, media, civil society, and the international community play important roles in holding governments accountable for their obligation to uphold human rights

Divine Law

The law that comes to us from God in revelation These divine laws are handed to us through the Scriptures.

Divine Law

See the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:2-17, NRSV) These commandments were summarized by Jesus in the New Testament (Mark 12:29-31, NRSV)

Human Law (State Law/Church Law)

Made by human authorities Based on the existing conditions, problems, issues, and concerns of the global community or as a nation

Human Law

Laws which come to us by civil authorities Application of the natural law As such are binding rules of conduct

To protect the common good

Human Law

Laws contained in the following:

The Philippine Constitution The Penal Code of the Philippines The Family Code Labor Code Magna Carta for Women and Children

Human Law

R.A. 9163 (National Service Training Program)

Enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth Develop ethics of service and patriotism

Human Law

Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC)

Provide military training

To motivate Train Organize, and Mobilize for national defense preparedness

Human Law

Literacy Training Service (LTS)

To train students to teach

Literacy and numeracy skills

School children Out-of-school youth Other segments of society in need of their services

Human Law

Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)

Activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities

Human Law

R.A. 9163, III, Sec. 4d (Exempted from NSTP)

The Philippine Military Academy (PMA) Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA) Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA)

Human Law

R.A. 9163, III, Section 6a

Academic period of two (2) semesters Credit: three (3) units per semester Fifty-four (54) to ninety (90) training hours per semester

Human Law

R.A. 9163 V, Sec. 11a

Non-ROTC graduates shall belong to the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC), and can be tapped for literacy and civic welfare activities ROTC graduates shall form part of the Citizen Armed Force

R.A. 9163 V, Sec. 11c

Human Law

The National Service Training Program

To involve the youth in community building To prepare them in the defense of our country