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Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Phobic anxiety disorders dread. Palpitations or feeling faint and secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Panic disorder recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic) palpitations, chest pain, choking sensations, dizziness, feelings of unreality (depersonalization or derealization)
Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Phobic anxiety disorders dread. Palpitations or feeling faint and secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Panic disorder recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic) palpitations, chest pain, choking sensations, dizziness, feelings of unreality (depersonalization or derealization)
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Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Phobic anxiety disorders dread. Palpitations or feeling faint and secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Panic disorder recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic) palpitations, chest pain, choking sensations, dizziness, feelings of unreality (depersonalization or derealization)
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formatos disponibles
Descargue como PPT, PDF, TXT o lea en línea desde Scribd
Classifications • F40. Phobic anxiety disorders恐怖性焦虑障碍 • F41. Other anxiety disorders焦虑症 • F42. Obsessive-compulsive disorder强迫性障碍 • F43.Reaction to severe stress & adjustment disorders • F44. Dissociative disorders分离性障碍 , 精神型癔 症 • F45. Somatoform disorders躯体病样精神障碍 • F48. Other neurotic disorders神经症性障碍 Phobic anxiety disorders • dread. • palpitations or feeling faint & secondary fears of dying, losing control, or going mad. Contemplating entry to the phobic situation usually generates anticipatory anxiety. • Phobic anxiety & depression Anxiety disorders • Normal & pathological one • Trait anxiety • State anxiety • generalized anxiety disorder • panic disorder phobic anxiety disorders • phobic anxiety disorders phobic anxiety disorders 恐怖性 • specific phobia • social phobia • social phobia Generalized anxiety disorder • generalized & persistent but not restricted to, or even strongly predominating in, any particular environmental circumstances (i.e. it is "free- floating"). • persistent nervousness, trembling, muscular tensions, sweating, lightheadedness, palpitations, dizziness& epigastric discomfort. Fears • Anxiety: . neurosis . reaction Excludes: neurasthenia Panic disorder • recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic), • unpredictable sudden onset palpitations, chest pain, choking sensations, dizziness & feelings of unreality (depersonalization or derealization). • secondary fear of dying, losing control, or going mad. depressive disorder • secondary to depression. Panic: attack . state Excludes: panic disorder with agoraphobia Etiolgoy • Psychodynamic theory signal anxiety • Behavioral theory • Congnitive behavioral theory(CBT) selective • Biological theory genetic evidence chemically induced anxiety states lactate infusion GABA-benzodiaizepine R. γ- aminobutyric acid Other neurotransmitters Neuroanatomical basis locus ceruleus ,limbic system Organic anxiety disorder 器质性焦虑障碍 Biological theory • genetic evidence chemically induced anxiety states lactate infusion GABA-benzodiaizepine R. γ- aminobutyric acid Other neurotransmitters Neuroanatomical basis locus ceruleus ,limbic system Organic anxiety disorder 器质性焦虑障碍 Therapy • Psychotherapy • Relaxation techniques • Other behavior therapies • Drug treatment talk therapy, meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis& acupuncture. A friend invites you to a big party. • #1:The party sounds like a lot of fun. I love going out & meeting new people! Happy, excited #2:Parties aren’t my thing. I’d much rather stay in & watch a movie. Neutral #3: I never know what to say or do at parties. I’ll make a fool of myself if I go. Anxious, sad Thought challenging in cognitive behavioral therapy
• Identifying your negative thoughts.
• Challenging your negative thoughts. • Replacing negative thoughts with realistic thoughts. Challenging Negative Thoughts • Negative thought What if I pass out on the subway? • Cognitive distortion • realistic thought Predicting the worstI’ve never passed out before, so it’s unlikely that I will on the subway.If I pass out, it will be terrible! Blowing things out of proportionIf I faint, I’ll come to in a few moments. That’s not so terrible.People will think I’m crazy.Jumping to conclusionsPeople are more likely to be concerned if I’m okay. Systematic desensitization • Learning relaxation skills • Creating a step-by-step list. • Working through the steps Facing a Fear of Flying • Step 1: photos • Step 2: video. • Step 3: real planes take off. • Step 4: plane ticket. • Step 5: Pack for your flight. • Step 6: Drive to the airport. • Step 7: Check in for your flight. • Step 8: Wait for boarding. • Step 9: Get on the plane. • Step 10: Take the flight. Anti-anxiety drugs Anti-anxiety drugs tranquilizers, slowing down the CNS. relaxing & calming sleeping pills & muscle relaxants. Benzodiazepines • Xanax (alprazolam) • Klonopin (clonazepam) • Valium (diazepam) • Ativan (lorazepam) fast acting—30~1h depression. doses -- depressive symptoms & suicidal thoughts & feelings. emotional blunting or numbness. feelings of pleasure or pain. Common side-effects of benzodiazepines or tranquilizers
• Drowsiness, lack of energy
• Clumsiness, slow reflexes • Slurred speech • Confusion & disorientation • Depression • Dizziness, lightheadedness • Impaired thinking & judgement • Memory loss, forgetfulness • Nausea, stomach upset • Blurred or double vision Paradoxical effects of anti-anxiety drugs • sedating properties-- paradoxical excitement. increased anxiety, irritability& agitation. • Mania • Hostility & rage • Aggressive or impulsive behavior • Hallucinations • children, the elderly& people with developmental disabilities. • Taking anti-anxiety medication with alcohol, prescription painkillers, or sleeping pills can be deadly. • antihistamines • Antidepressants -- Prozac & Zoloft People over 65. • confusion, amnesia, loss of balance, and cognitive impairment that looks like dementia. Anti-anxiety drug use in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of falls, broken hips and legs, and car accidents. Pregnant women. • Placenta-- dependence : baby--withdrawal : muscle weakness, irritability, sleep & breathing problems& trembling. breast milk People - substance abuse. • alcohol or drugs • benzodiazepines –quickly, addictive- abuse • alcohol or other illicit drugs. Anti-anxiety drug dependence &withdrawal • benzodiazepines - Xanax, Klonopin, Valium, & Ativan - short-term use • physically dependent • Psychological dependence dependent on benzodiazepines if: • ≥4 months • cope 克服 • ill or anxious or others . • effect ↓ • extra pill during a stressful time. • could not sleep a wink. • increased dose. • increased alcohol • interfering --sick days off work, family or relationship problems, difficulty coping, memory . • never run out of your pills. • You carry your pills with you “just in case.”