WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING?

Refers to the long term increase in temperature which is global

in nature.
Disturbs balance between hot and cold

areas in the atmosphere.

Caused by the increase in GHG(CO2,CH4,N2O),they act as

a blanket resulting a rise in temperature

CONTRIBUTION OF GHGS TOWARDS CLIMATE CHANGE

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

Climate should not be confused with weather.

Climate change refers to variation in global and

regional climates over time

Changes the climate system as a whole shifting the

average pattern.
Climate change and global warming are co related

CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

. Human activities ..main cause
Burning of fossil fuels - emit excess GHGs

making a thicker blanket of ghgs increasing heat

Forest destruction Increase in co2 Industrial pollution Incorrect waste management Depletion of land and soil

IMPACTS
Coastal ecosystem: Includes mangrooves, coral reefs, sea grass, marine life Vulnerable to the effects of frequency changes in rainfall and level rise May be damaged by warmer sea temperature disasters Can cause high tides, storms, floods, seismic sea waves(tsunami) 46 mn people on an average are affected economic impacts Damages economic sectors


many coastal communities are affected increase in global warming is leading to the increase in various

infections
disruption of sanitation, drainage, sewage disposal, system
psychological and other illnesses transmission of diseases and breeding of insects

Many industries set up at the coastal regions can be harmed in turn affecting the Indian economy

THE INDIAN SITUATION

Mean temperature increase of 3 to 5 degree C by end of century

more pronounced in north

20% rise in Indian monsoon
More extreme extremes especially over west coast of India and

west central India

Reduced crop production due to increased temperature and higher

CO2 content

An increase in cyclones in Bay of Bengal

Flooding of low lying areas producing climate refugees

INDIAN COASTLINE
Total length from Sunder bans in West Bengal till the Rann of

Kutch in gujarat-5700km.
Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar group of islands

constitute-1810 km
few major coastal ports

Mumbai, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata, Kochi and Goa

Western coastline has a continental shelf having an area of

0.13mn sq. km.

CRZ
Coastal regulation zone is the boundary from the high tide line

up to 500m in the land -ward side.

Four categories:

CRZ I : Ecologically important areas like national parks CRZ II: Already exploited to some extent like drainage etc. CRZ III: Undisturbed areas not included under I & II. CRZ IV : Coastal areas in Andamans, Lakshadweep and other small islands.

THE GREATEST THREAT- SEA LEVEL RISE

Inundation of coastal colonies India is one of the 28 countries endagered from sea level rise Total area of 5763 sqkm and 4.6% of the coastal population

would be affected
Most vulnerable areas-gujarat,mumbai,south

kerala,lakshadweep islands

DISPLACEMENT OF COMMUNITIES
Facts:
Reports say-sea level rise between 15 to 38 cm can affect tens of

thousands of people at the coasts

A meter rise today would displace 7 million people
Sudhir Chellarajan(IIT professor)has determined that by the end of

the century 12 million people would be displaced in west Bengal

The problem of coastal refugees would start irking the governments

soon : their rehabilitation, compensation and effect on economy..

BYE BYE BEACHES.

Threatning to chew up beaches of Vishakhapatnam. In the past

month it has gouged 75 metre of the section through erosion

Puris beaches are slowly disintegrating Climatic factors and man made development is causing heavy

toll on the beaches of Goa. Water has started to enter close to solid ground.would affect tourism and local coastal communities

GLOBAL WARMING CAUSING CHANGE IN MONSOONS

Changes in the monsoon pattern in India are expected to result

in severe floods, droughts

Scientists predict a 3-5 degree rise in temperature causing a

20% increase in summer rainfall.

A vast population depends upon rainfall for their livelihood

Changes in water cycle can cause diseases such as malaria,

cholera, hepatitis,etc.

SEA WATER INTRUSION

The vulnerability area increases with every 0.5 m rise in

sea level.
Maximum near the creeks and minimum along main coast. Irrigated agriculture, coastal activities , tourism at risk Saline water may make land unfit for agriculture

Two islands already vanished from Sunder bans displacing

7000 people. Two more islands at risk.