THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE

• Mixed nerve=Sensory and motor

• Sensory: sensory to skin of face, nose and
nasal cavity, forehead, temple, teeth,
tongue, palate
• Motor: Mandibular branch gives off motor
nerves to muscles of mastication
V1- Ophthalmic Branch
• smallest of the three divisions of the trigeminal,
• Exits through superior orbital fissure
Branches:
• Lacrimal-upper eyelid and eyebrow-lateral part
• Supratrochlear-upper eyelid- medial part forehead,-medial part,
upper eyelid conjuctiva
• Supraorbital-upper eyelid, forehead up to top of skull
• Nasociliary-
– long ciliary-eyeball, ciliary ganglion
– Infratrochlear-lower eyelid, side of nose
– ethmoidal nerves
• Ant. Ethmoid-frontal sinus, anterior ethmoid air cells
• Post. Ethmoid-posterior ethmoid air cells, sphenoid sinus
– internal nasal branch –anterior spetum, lateral walls of nasal
cavity
– external nasal branch –tip of nose
V2- Maxillary Branch
• In the Cranium
– Middle meningeal n.- dura mater
• In the Pterygopalatine Fossa
• Zygomatic br:
• zygomaticotemporal –zygomatic arch
• Zygomaticofacial-side of forehead, ant. temporal part
– Sphenopalatine(6)
• Orbital-periosteum of orbit, sphenoid sinus, post. ethmoid
cells
• Greater palatine(anterior palatine)-mucous membrane of
posterior hard palate
• Lesser palatine-soft palate and tonsil
• Posterior lateral nasal br.-over nasal turbinates
• Nasopalatine-lower posterior nasal septum, mucous
membrane of anterior hard palate
• Pharyngeal-nasopharynx
• Posterior superior alveolar nerve
– Gingival-buccal gingiva of upper molars
– Alveolar-distobuccal and palatal roots of upper 1st
molar, 2nd molar, 3rd molar, maxillary sinus
– Infraorbital canal:
• Middle Superior alveolar nerve: premolars,
mesiobuccal root of 1st molar, maxillary sinus
• Anterior superior alveolar nerve:maxillary incisors,
maxilary sinus
– On the face:
• Inferior palpebral-lower eyelid
• Lateral nasal-side of the nose
• Superior labial-upper lip
V3-Mandibular branch
Sensory branches:
• Nervus tentorii-dura mater
• Buccal nerve (long buccal)-mucous membrane of cheek,
buccal gingiva of lower molars
• Auriculotemporal nerve- skin of zygoma, cheek,
mandible, parotid gland, TMJ, skin inside ear canal,
upper part of external ear, skin from zygoma up to side
of the head
• Lingual nerve-mucous membrane of ant. 2/3 of tongue,
lingual gingiva, submandibular and sublingual glands
• Inferior alveolar nerve
– Dental branches-all lower molars and premolars
– Mental nerve-skin of lower lip and chin
– Incisive nerve-incisors and canines
Motor Branches:
• Internal pterygoid nerve
• Masseter nerve
• Deep temporal branches
• External pterygoid nerve
• Mylohyoid nerve